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Personne :
Blanchet, Pierre

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Blanchet

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Pierre

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Université Laval. Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt

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ncf11848384

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Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 118
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Estimating wooden prefabricated building export potential from the province of Quebec to the Northeastern United States
    (Dept. of Wood and Paper Science College of Natural Resources North Carolina State University, 2021-09-14) Cid, Allan; Robichaud, François; Blanchet, Pierre; Kinuani, Nsimba
    The import activity of wooden prefabricated buildings in the Northeastern US region was over CAD 41.8 million during 2019, according to the US Census Bureau. This amount was growing at a 12.5% annual rate on average since 2017. There is evidence of a continued shortfall in supply for the construction market to be overcome in the region. The objective of this study was to estimate the export potential of wooden prefabricated buildings from the Province of Quebec to the Northeastern US region for the next decade in relation to the export activity and production capacity of the industry. The value of annual production of wooden prefabricated buildings in Quebec was up to CAD 578 million in 2019, according to iCRIQ. Export activities from Quebec are mainly directed to the Northeastern US, and were of CAD 18.8 million in 2019, or 81% of Quebec’s wooden prefabricated building exports. Results suggest that potential for wooden prefabricated building exports from the Province of Quebec to the US Northeastern region is important in terms of market share. The study also suggests that by drastically increasing the production capacity of the industry there is no chance that supply will overcome demand.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Development of novel building composites based on hemp and multifunctional silica matrix
    (Elsevier, 2018-08-25) Schorr, Diane; Calabria-Holley, Juliana; Hussain, Atif; Lawrence, Mike; Blanchet, Pierre; Ansell, Martin P; Jiang, Yunhong
    This study focuses on the development of novel bio-composites using a silica matrix that provides dual functionality: as a hydrophobic surface treatment and as a binder for hemp-shiv. The hydrophilic nature of hemp shiv, a plant based aggregate, results in composites having poor interfacial adhesion, weak mechanical properties and long drying times. In this work, sol-gel process has been utilised to manufacture durable low density hemp based composites. Morphological characterisation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that hemp shiv was embedded well in the matrix. Detailed chemical analysis using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicate the presence of water soluble and ethanol soluble extractives leached from the hemp shiv which are incorporated into the silica matrix inducing the binding effect. The composites were water resistant and showed good mechanical performance having the potential to develop novel thermal insulation building materials.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Preparation of breathable cellulose based polymeric membranes with enhanced water resistance for the building industry
    (MDPI, 2021-08-01) Hussain, Atif; Blanchet, Pierre
    This study focuses on the development of advanced water-resistant bio-based membranes with enhanced vapour permeability for use within building envelopes. Building walls are vulnerable to moisture damage and mold growth due to water penetration, built-in moisture, and interstitial condensation. In this work, breathable composite membranes were prepared using micro-fibrillated cellulose fiber (CF) and polylactic acid (PLA). The chemical composition and physical structure of CF is responsible for its hydrophilic nature, which affects its compatibility with polymers and consequently its performance in the presence of excessive moisture conditions. To enhance the dispersibility of CF in the PLA polymer, the fibers were treated with an organic phosphoric acid ester-based surfactant. The hygroscopic properties of the PLA-CF composites were improved after surfactant treatment and the membranes were resistant to water yet permeable to vapor. Morphological examination of the surface showed better interfacial adhesion and enhanced dispersion of CF in the PLA matrix. Thermal analysis revealed that the surfactant treatment of CF enhanced the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the composite samples. These bio-based membranes have immense potential as durable, eco-friendly, weather resistant barriers for the building industry as they can adapt to varying humidity conditions, thus allowing entrapped water vapor to pass through and escape the building, eventually prolonging the building life.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Impregnation of wood with microencapsulated bio-based phase change materials for high thermal mass engineered wood flooring
    (MDPI, 2018-12-19) Mathis, Damien; Landry, Véronic; Blanchet, Pierre; Lagière, Philippe
    Wood is a porous material that can be impregnated and have enhanced properties. Two species of hardwood, red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), were impregnated in a reactor with a microencapsulated phase change material. The objective was to enhance the thermal mass of wood boards used as surface layers for engineered wood flooring manufacturing. Preliminary experiments were conducted on small samples in order to define suitable impregnation parameters, based on the Bethell cycle. Thin wood boards were impregnated with a microencapsulated phase change material dispersed into distilled water. Several cycles of pressure were applied. Heating storage of the impregnated wood boards was determined using a dynamic heat flow meter apparatus method. A latent heat storage of 7.6 J/g over 3 °C was measured for impregnated red oak samples. This corresponds to a heat storage enhancement of 77.0%. Sugar maple was found to be harder to impregnate and thus his thermal enhancement was lower. Impregnated samples were observed by reflective optical microscopy. Microcapsules were found mainly in the large vessels of red oak, forming aggregates. Pull-off tests were conducted on varnished samples to assess the influence of an impregnation on varnish adhesion and no significant influence was revealed. Engineered wood flooring manufactured with impregnated boards such as characterized in this study could store solar energy and thus improve buildings energy efficiency. Although wood is a material with a low-conductivity, the thermal exchange between the PCM and the building air could be good enough as the microcapsules are positioned in the surface layer. Furthermore, flooring is an area with frequent sunrays exposure. Such high thermal mass EWF could lead to energy savings and to an enhancement of occupant’s thermal comfort. This study aimed to characterize the potential of impregnation with MPCM of two wood species in order to make high thermal mass EWF.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Chemical surface densification of hardwood through lateral monomer impregnation and in situ electron beam polymerization, Part II : effect of irradiation dose on hardness, wood chemistry and polymer conversion
    (Springer Science, 2022-03-21) Triquet, Juliette; Landry, Véronic; Blanchet, Pierre
    Surface chemical densification was recently introduced as a low cost and fast process to improve surface hardness of wood. The asymmetric density profile at the surface due to polymer filled cells was achieved through unilateral impregnation of monomers and their fast in situ polymerization under electron beam radiations. This study investigates the effect of electron beam dose on the newly developed material in order to optimize and increase the performances. Effect of doses from 25 to 125 kGy on wood and polymer in situ were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, confocal Raman microscopy and GC–MS quantification of extracted residual monomers. Brinell hardness of irradiated controls decreased with increased dose while it remained unchanged for densified samples. The effect of 25 kGy on the irradiated wood controls was insignificant, but evidence of cellulose depolymerization and decrease of hydrogen bonds strength was found at higher dose through FTIR analysis. Raman investigation of the acrylate conversion in situ showed that most of the polymerization was achieved with 25 kGy. Residual monomers were still present in the wood samples up to 100 kGy. Thus, 25 kGy was sufficient to polymerize monomers in situ and increase Brinell hardness of densified wood while avoiding degradation of wood. However, 100 kGy was necessary to ensure highest conversion and no residual monomers. This study is opening perspectives on radiation effects on wood for optimal materials development.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Lessons learned with respect to the CAE roadmap from the monitoring of a high-performance social housing building in Quebec City
    (Université Concordia, 2020-10-16) Gosselin, Louis; Rouleau, Jean; Blanchet, Pierre; Athienitis, Andreas
    A prototype was built in Quebec City to demonstrate the feasability of low-energy social housing buildings. The case study building was heavily monitored to follow its energy performance. This paper presents observations that emerged from this project regarding the design and operation of this social housing building. It shows the energy consumption of each individual dwelling, the indoor temperature in summer and heat fluxes flowing through the envelope. Lessons learned regarding lowenergy residential buildings that are resilient and powered by renewable energy are discussed.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Case-study : fully prefabricated wood wall connection to improve building envelope and on-site efficiency
    (MDPI AG, 2022-12-09) Julien, Étienne; Blanchet, Pierre; Gosselin, Louis
    As fully prefabricated wood walls (FPWW) are envisioned to increase building envelope performance, the junction between panels becomes crucial. Since FPWW restricts access to the interpanel joints, it is preferable to generate an upstream mechanism to complete the joint automatically on-site. This study aimed to design a self-sealing joint for FPWW that would achieve high energy standards and accelerate on-site construction. Airtightness tests and thermal bridge assessments were conducted in the laboratory to compare the developed self-sealing joints with different sealing materials. These same tests were conducted on-site, in addition to observations of the assembly speed of conventional prefabricated walls and FPWW. Of all the materials tested, butyl tape showed the tightest connections. This material helps the joint developed to automatically seal adjacent walls spaced up to 7 mm apart. FPWW maximize the industrialization of conventional prefabricated walls by realizing the sealing details and the installation of doors, windows and exterior siding offsite. This way, FPWW could reduce the duration of a conventional single-family residential project. FPWWmaximizequality control while reducing transportation costs associated with conventional modular solutions.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Thermo-mechanical properties of a wood fiber insulation board using a bio-based adhesive as a binder
    (Stamats Pub. Co., 2020-09-01) Essoua Essoua, Gatien Géraud; Auclair, Nicolas; Segovia Abanto, Franz; Blanchet, Pierre
    The goal of the present study was to develop a low-density thermal insulation board using wood fibers and a bio-based adhesive as a binder, which was prepared from a crude glycerol and citric acid mixture. The physical and mechanical properties of insulation boards manufactured using two ratios of crude glycerol and citric acid (1:0.66 and 1:1 mol/mol) and two adhesive contents (14% and 20%) were evaluated. The results show that the insulation boards with a range of density between 332 to 338 kg m−3 present thermal conductivity values between 0.064 W/m-K and 0.066 W/m-K. The effect of adhesive content was very significant for certain mechanical properties (tensile strength perpendicular to surface and compressive strength). The tensile strength (internal bond) increased between 20% and 36% with the increased adhesive content. In contrast, the compressive strength decreased between 7% and 15%. The thermo-mechanical properties obtained of insulation boards such as thermal conductivity, traverse strength, tensile strength parallel and perpendicular to surface, and compressive strength are in accordance with the requirements of the American Society for Testing and Materials C208-12 standard for different uses. The results confirm the potential of crude glycerol and citric acid mixture to be used as an adhesive in the wood fiber insulation boards’ manufacturing for sustainability purposes.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Trends in chemical wood surface improvements and modifications : a review of the last five years
    (MDPI, 2021-12-09) Pépin, Simon; Blanchet, Pierre
    Increasing the use of wood in buildings is regarded by many as a key solution to tackle climate change. For this reason, a lot of research is carried out to develop new and innovative wood surface improvements and make wood more appealing through features such as increased durability, fire-retardancy, superhydrophobicity, and self-healing. However, in order to have a positive impact on the society, these surface improvements must be applied in real buildings. In this review, the last five years of research in the domain of wood surface improvements and modifications is first presented by sorting the latest innovations into different trends. Afterward, these trends are correlated to specifications representing different normative, ecologic and economic factors which must be considered when expecting to introduce a wood treatment to the market. With this review, the authors hope to help researchers to take into consideration the different factors influencing whether new innovations can leave the research laboratory or not, and thereby facilitate the introduction of new wood surface treatments in the society.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Technical performance overview of bio-based insulation materials compared to expanded polystyrene
    (MDPI, 2020-04-26) Lafond, Cassandra; Blanchet, Pierre
    The energy efficiency of buildings is well documented. However, to improve standards of energy efficiency, the embodied energy of materials included in the envelope is also increasing. Natural fibers like wood and hemp are used to make low environmental impact insulation products. Technical characterizations of five bio-based materials are described and compared to a common, traditional, synthetic-based insulation material, i.e., expanded polystyrene. The study tests the thermal conductivity and the vapor transmission performance, as well as the combustibility of the material. Achieving densities below 60 kg/m3, wood and hemp batt insulation products show thermal conductivity in the same range as expanded polystyrene (0.036 kW/mK). The vapor permeability depends on the geometry of the internal structure of the material. With long fibers are intertwined with interstices, vapor can diffuse and flow through the natural insulation up to three times more than with cellular synthetic (polymer) -based insulation. Having a short ignition times, natural insulation materials are highly combustible. On the other hand, they release a significantly lower amount of smoke and heat during combustion, making them safer than the expanded polystyrene. The behavior of a bio-based building envelopes needs to be assessed to understand the hygrothermal characteristics of these nontraditional materials which are currently being used in building systems.