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Personne :
Jacques, Hélène

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Jacques

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Hélène

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Université Laval. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels

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ncf10187483

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  • PublicationRestreint
    Effects of a supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with or without fish gelatin on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in obese, insulin-resistant subjects
    (S. Karger, 2011) Marette, André; Ponton, André; Rudkowska, Iwona; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Jacques, Hélène; Holub, Bruce J.; Lavigne, Charles
    Aim: To investigate gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA plus fish gelatin (+FG) supplementation. Methods: A transcriptome comparison of 8-week supplementation with n-3 PUFA and n-3 PUFA+FG was carried out in PBMCs of 16 obese insulin-resistant subjects. Results: Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA concentration increased and plasma triglycerides decreased significantly without altering inflammatory parameters after both supplementations. n-3 PUFA supplementation changed the expression of 805 genes, whereas n-3 PUFA+FG supplementation altered the expression of 184 genes. Three genes were commonly changed: fatty acid desaturase 1, free fatty acid receptor 3, and ectodysplasin. Pathway analyses indicate changes in gene expression via the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α pathway after both supplementations. Further, the extent of modifications in the expression of genes implicated in the inflammatory pathways – the oxidative stress response mediated by nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, nuclear transcription factor ĸB, oxidative stress, and hypoxia-inducible factor signaling – was different after each supplementation. Conclusion: Although n-3 PUFA and n-3 PUFA+FG supplementations have a distinct impact on gene expression levels, the consequences on biochemical parameters and metabolic pathways were comparable after both supplementations.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Transcriptomic profiles of skeletal muscle tissue following an euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp in insulin-resistant obese subjects
    (Springer Link, 2012-05-08) Rudkowska, Iwona; Weisnagel, John; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Jacques, Hélène; Marette, André
    Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is an early phenomenon in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Muscle is mainly responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose clearance from the bloodstream. Thus, regulation of gene expression in muscle tissue may be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. The objective was to investigate gene expression and metabolic pathways alterations in skeletal muscle tissue following an euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp in obese insulin-resistant subjects. We carried out a transcriptome comparison of skeletal muscle tissue before and after a 3-h euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp following 8-week supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (1.8 g/day) with or without a supplement of fish gelatin (FG) (25 % of daily protein intake) in 16 obese insulin-resistant subjects. Results indicate that approximately 5 % (1932) of expressed transcripts were significantly changed after the clamp in both n-3 PUFA and n-3 PUFA + FG supplementation periods. Of these differentially expressed transcripts, 1394 genes associated with enzymes, transcription and translation regulators, transporters, G protein-coupled receptors, cytokines, and ligand-dependent nuclear receptors were modified. Metabolic pathways that were significantly modified included liver X receptor/retinoid X receptors (RXR) activation, vitamin D receptor/RXR activation, interleukin (IL)-8, acute phase response, IL10, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, G-beta/gamma and hepatocyte growth factor and IL6 signaling. Taken together, results suggest that mainly inflammatory and transcription factors are modified following clamp in obese insulin-resistant subjects. Overall, understanding the changes in metabolic pathways due to insulin may be a potential target for the management of insulin resistance.
  • PublicationRestreint
    The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Leu162Val polymorphism influences the metabolic response to a dietary intervention altering fatty acid proportions in healthy men
    (Oxford University Press, 2005-02-01) Paradis, Ann-Marie; Fontaine-Bisson, Bénédicte; Lamarche, Benoît; Lemieux, Simone; Bossé, Yohan; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick; Robitaille, Julie; Jacques, Hélène; Tchernof, André
    Background : Serum lipid responses to dietary modification are partly determined by genetic factors. Objective : We tested whether plasma lipoprotein and lipid responsiveness to a modification in the dietary ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P:S) is influenced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) Leu162Val polymorphism in healthy men. Design : Ten carriers of the V162 allele and 10 L162 homozygotes were matched according to age and body mass index (BMI). During the protocol, all subjects followed the National Cholesterol Education Program Step I diet, but intake of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was adjusted to obtain a P:S of 0.3 for the first 4-wk period (low-P:S diet) and a P:S of 1.0 for the next 4-wk period (high-P:S diet). Results : At screening, the PPARα Leu162Val polymorphism was not associated with anthropometric indexes or plasma lipoprotein and lipid concentrations. After the high-P:S diet, a significant gene-by-diet interaction was observed for changes in plasma total cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, and cholesterol concentrations in small LDL particles (P ≤ 0.05). Mean differences after the high-P:S diet were observed between genotype groups for plasma apo A-I concentrations (P < 0.05). Changes in BMI, waist circumference, and concentrations of triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and apo B did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion : The PPARα Leu162Val polymorphism may contribute to interindividual variability in plasma lipoprotein and lipid response after modification of the dietary P:S ratio.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Acute effects of single doses of bonito fish peptides and vitamin D on whole blood gene expression levels : a randomized controlled trial
    (MDPI Center, 2019-04-20) Guénard, Frédéric; Marette, André; Gagnon, Claudia; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Jacques, Hélène
    Fish contains high quality proteins and essential nutrients including 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Fish peptide consumption can lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and studies have shown an association between 25(OH)D deficiency, CVD and CVD risk factors, such as diabetes. This study investigated acute effects of a single dose of cholecalciferol (VitD3), bonito fish peptide hydrolysate (BPH), or a combination of both on CVD risk factors and whole blood gene expression levels. A randomized, crossover, placebo controlled trial was conducted in 22 adults. They ingested, in random order and at 7-day intervals, 1000 IU of VitD3, 3 g of BPH, a combination of both, or a placebo. A 180 min oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Differences in whole-genome expression levels after versus before each supplementation were computed for 18 subjects. We observed that 16, 1 and 5 transcripts were differentially expressed post- vs. pre-ingestion for VitD3, BPH or VitD3 + BPH treatments, respectively. VitD3-containing treatments affected the expression of the solute carrier family 25 member 20 (SLC25A20) gene involved in fatty acid oxidation, various transcription factors and genes related to glucose metabolism. These results suggest that VitD3 rapidly modulates genes related to CVD risk factors in blood while BPH seems to moderately modulate gene expression levels.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Cyclic fatty acid monomers or the potential wild card in trans fats
    (American Oil Chemists' Society, 2020-09-01) Angers, Paul.; Arul, Joseph; Jacques, Hélène