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Guay, Frédéric

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Guay

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Frédéric

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Université Laval. Département des sciences animales

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ncf10609633

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Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 11
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Plant extracts and essential oil product as feed additives to control rabbit meat microbial quality
    (2018-12-23) Kone, Amenan Prisca Nadege; Desjardins, Yves; Gosselin, André; Cinq-Mars, Dany; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    The present work evaluated the effects of feed supplementation with plant extracts (onion, cranberry) and a commercial essential oil product (Xtract™) on rabbit meat quality. Five groups of 48 weaned Grimaud female rabbits each received a control ration (C) or a diet supplemented with onion extract (500 or 1000 ppm), cranberry extracts (500 ppm) and essential oil product (100 ppm) alone or in combination. Microbiological quality was evaluated on whole hind legs stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 4 °C. Growth performances, feed intake and both meat composition and quality were similar amongst the experimental groups. Anyhow, meat total phenolic content was significantly higher in all supplemented ones (P < 0.001). Diet supplementation effect was observed (P < 0.05) and microbial control was improved more importantly under anaerobic conditions, notably for Total Aerobic Mesophilic counts, presumptive Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.03). Overall, supplementation with onion extract (500 ppm) suppressed microbial growth more effectively.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Improvement of physicochemical quality of fresh pork loin during storage by natural polyphenol diet supplementation
    (ICoMST, 2012-08-13) Fortier, Marie-Pierre; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    Oregano oil and ground cranberry pulp supplements were added to the diets of finishing pigs to determine their physicochemical effects on fresh loin during storage. Two concentrations of oil (250 and 500 mg/kg) and three of cranberry (5, 10 and 20 g/kg) were tested according to a factorial experimental design. The control group did not receive any supplements. The meat was vacuum packed and analyzed after 0, 23, 45 and 60 days of storage at < 4°C. Samples were re-packaged under aerobic conditions after 0 or 23 days and then analyzed after 4, 8 and 12 days. The pH was determined on the Longissimus dorsi muscle between the 3rd and 4th last ribs, 45 min and 24 h after slaughter. Color was also analyzed for each sample and drip loss evaluated only on day 0. The results showed that no treatment had any effect on the pH of the meat, whether at 45 min or 24 h after slaughter (P>0.05). The evaluation of the color showed, during the 60 days of storage, a significant difference between the control and the different treatments for L*, a*, b* (P<0.05) for samples stored under anaerobic conditions. The lowest drip loss was obtained with 10 g/kg of cranberry pulp (P <0.05).
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Natural sources of polyphenols as feed additives to improve rabbit meat quality
    (Éditeur non identifié, 2018-08-12) Kone, Amenan Prisca Nadege; Desjardins, Yves; Gosselin, André; Cinq-Mars, Dany; Abdelwahed, Mohamed Z.; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Positive modulation of meat microbial ecology by feeding strategies
    (2016-08-14) Kone, Amenan Prisca Nadege; Gagné, Dominic; Cinq-Mars, Dany; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    The objective of this work was to determine if it is possible to modulate carcass/meat contamination by feeding farm animals with a diet supplemented with a protective culture, here Carnobacterium maltaromaticum CB1/UAL307 producing three bacteriocins, including carnocyclin A. A total of 144 weaned Grimaud female rabbits (a commercial meat breed) were divided into two feeding groups: 1) a control commercial diet and 2) the same diet supplemented with Micocin®, a commercial preparation of C. maltaromaticum CB1, at a final concentration of 8-log CFU (Colony Forming Unit) per kg of feed. Rabbits were fed their respective diet until they reached a commercial slaughter weight of 2.2 kg. Presence of C. maltaromaticum producing carnocyclin A was confirmed by PCR amplification for three specific genes. Its prevalence was greater in faeces, on thighs and in ground meat from rabbits fed the ration supplemented with Micocin®. These results demonstrate that the microflora of the feed can influence the organisms contaminating the end products and emphasized the importance of providing farm animals with high microbial quality feed and hygienic conditions to grow.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Application of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum as a feed additive for weaned rabbits to improve meat microbial quality and safety
    (Applied Science Publishers., 2017-10-02) Kone, Amenan Prisca Nadege; Zea, Juliana Maria Velez; Gagné, Dominic; Cinq-Mars, Dany; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    This study addresses the improvement of meat microbial quality by enriching the diet of farm animals with a protective culture. Weaned Grimaud rabbits were divided into two experimental groups: a control and a diet supplemented with Micocin® (Carnobacterium maltaromaticum CB1; 8 Log10 CFU/kg of feed). Overall, meat quality was not affected substantially by the treatment. Total Aerobic Mesophilic (TAM), Escherichia coli and other coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Listeria spp. and presumptive lactic acid bacteria counts were evaluated on whole thighs stored under aerobic (0, 3, 6, 8 days) and anaerobic (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days) conditions at 4 °C. The results demonstrated that the microflora on refrigerated thighs was modulated by the addition of Micocin® (P < 0.05) and that the most effective reduction of Listeria monocytogenes growth was observed with ground meat stored under anaerobic conditions at 4 °C with a 2 Log difference at the end of a 15-day storage (P = 0.025).
  • PublicationAccès libre
    The role of genetic selection on agonistic behavior and welfare of gestating sows housed in large semi-static groups
    (MDPI AG, 2020-12-04) Brajon, Sophie; Guay, Frédéric; Devillers, Nicolas; Ahloy Dallaire, Jamie
    Confinement of gestating sows is becoming banished in favor of group-housing in countries worldwide, forcing breeding companies to develop genetic lines adapted for social living. This study aimed at assessing the influence of two genetic lines selected for high performance (HP1, HP2, derived from Landrace × Yorkshire) on welfare and reproductive performance of sows housed in large semi-static groups (20 groups of 46–91 animals) across several parities. To address this, agonistic behaviors were recorded on d0, d2, d27, and d29 post-mixing while body lesions were scored on d1, d26, and d84. Sows’ individual and reproductive performances were also recorded. HP2 sows were more aggressive than HP1 sows since they fought (p = 0.028) and bullied (p = 0.0009) pen-mates more frequently on d0–d2. HP2 sows had more total body lesions throughout gestation than HP1 sows at higher parities (p < 0.0001). Regarding reproductive performance, HP2 sows lost less piglets (p < 0.0001) and tended to wean more piglets (p = 0.067) than HP1 sows. In conclusion, while HP2 sows were the most aggressive, HP1 sows had piglets with lower survivability, which raises ethical issues in both cases and points to the need of considering social aspects when developing genetic lines for group-housing.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Effects on microbial quality of fresh pork loin during storage from oregano oil and cranberry pulp diet supplementation in pigs
    (Canadian Science Publishing, 2012-12-01) Fortier, Marie-Pierre; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    Oregano oil and ground cranberry pulp supplements were added to the diets of finishing pigs to determine their antimicrobial effects on fresh loin during storage at 2±1°C. Two doses of oil (250 and 500 mg kg-1) and three doses of cranberry (5, 10 and 20 g kg-1) were tested according to a factorial experimental design. The control group did not receive any supplements. The meat was vacuum packed and analyzed after 0, 23, 45 and 60 d. Samples were re-packaged under aerobic conditions after 0 or 23 d and analyzed after 4, 8 and 12 d. Microbial analysis was performed periodically throughout the experiment. Initial cell counts were below detection level for total aerobic mesophilic (TAM) (<102 cfu g-1), Pseudomonas spp. (<102 cfu g-1), presumptive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (<102 cfu g-1), and Escherichia coli and coliform counts (<101 cfu g-1). No significant difference in TAM counts was observed between all of the six different treatments and the control group except for samples packaged at day 0 under aerobic conditions after 12 d of storage where a significant effect of the supplementation was observed (P<0.03). Under anaerobic conditions, LAB were not affected and remained the predominant microflora despite antimicrobial treatments.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Effect of oregano oil and cranberry pulp supplementation in finishing pigs on the physicochemical quality of fresh loin during storage
    (Agricultural Institute of Canada, 2021-07-20) Fortier, Marie-Pierre; Saucier, Linda; Guay, Frédéric
    Oregano oil and cranberry pulp supplements were added to the diets of finishing pigs to determine their effects on the meat quality of fresh loins during storage. Two and three levels of oregano oil (250 and 500 mg·kg−1) and cranberry pulp (5, 10, and 20 g·kg−1) were tested, according to a factorial experimental design. The loin meat was vacuum packed and analyzed at 0 (after the 24 h chilling period post slaughter), 23, 45, and 60 d of storage. Samples were repackaged under aerobic conditions after 0 or 23 d and analyzed after 4, 8, and 12 d. Oregano and cranberry supplements did not affect lipid oxidation (microgram of malondialdehyde equivalent per kilogram of meat) during anaerobic or aerobic storage. On day 0, the fatty acid profile of the loin samples demonstrated that the addition of cranberries at a dose of 10 g·kg−1 was associated with a lower percentage of saturated fatty acids (P = 0.04; 42.97% vs. 40.99%) and a trend for a higher percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.06; 47.26% vs. 46.09%). Considering the result obtained, feeding pigs with oregano and cranberry supplements had a limited effect on meat quality parameters measured during storage.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Social status and previous experience in the group as predictors of welfare of sows housed in large semi-static groups
    (Public Library of Science, 2021-06-08) Brajon, Sophie; Guay, Frédéric; Devillers, Nicolas; Ahloy Dallaire, Jamie
    Mixing gestating sows implies hierarchy formation and has detrimental consequences on welfare. The effects of social stress on the most vulnerable individuals may be underestimated and it is therefore important to evaluate welfare between individuals within groups. This study aimed at investigating the impact of social status and previous experience in the group on well-being of sows housed in large semi-static groups. We assessed aggression (d0 (mixing), d2, d27, d29), body lesions (d1, d26, d84) and feeding order on 20 groups of 46–91 animals. Social status was based on the proportion of fights won during a 6-hr observation period between d0 and d2. Dominants (29%) were those who won more fights than they lost, Subdominants (25%) won fewer fights than they lost, Losers (23%) never won any fight in which they were involved while Avoiders (23%) were never involved in fights. Resident sows (70%) were already present in the group in the previous gestation while New sows (30%) were newly introduced at mixing. Subdominants and Dominants were highly involved in fights around mixing but this was more detrimental for Subdominants than Dominants, Losers and Avoiders since they had the highest body lesion scores at mixing. Avoiders received less non-reciprocal agonistic acts than Losers on d2 (P = 0.0001) and had the lowest body lesion scores after mixing. However, Avoiders and Losers were more at risk in the long-term since they had the highest body lesions scores at d26 and d84. They were followed by Subdominants and then Dominants. New sows fought more (P<0.0001), tended to be involved in longer fights (P = 0.075) around mixing and had more body lesions throughout gestation than Resident sows. Feeding order from one-month post-mixing was influenced both by the previous experience in the group and social status (P<0.0001). New sows, especially with a low social status, are more vulnerable throughout gestation and could serve as indicators of non-optimal conditions.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Hierarchical clustering as a tool to develop a classification scheme for rabbit meat quality
    (Association française de cuniculture, 2021-09-01) Larivière-Lajoie, Anne-Sophie; Binggeli, Simon; Cinq-Mars, Dany; Saucier, Linda; Dalmau, Antoni; Guay, Frédéric
    This study aimed to characterise the quality of meat from commercially-raised rabbits. Animals came from five different producers and were slaughtered in three different plants under provincial or federal inspection jurisdiction. Animal behaviour evaluated by scan sampling prior to feed withdrawal (FW) and transport, as well as blood lactate concentration at exsanguination, did not raise concerns with respect to stress. Stomach pH was higher (P=0.047) when the FW time was short (≤13.5 h), at a mean value of 2.23. All pH values measured 1 h post-mortem from the Biceps femoris (BF) and almost all (97.6%) from the Longissimus lumborum (LL) were higher than 6. Values for ultimate pH measured 24 h postmortem (pHu) ranged from 5.80 to 6.83 and from 5.70 to 6.70 for BF and LL muscles, respectively. The maximum meat drip loss recorded was 2.6%, while cooking loss reached 30%. Meat lightness (L*) and colour intensity (C*) for the long FW times (≥23 h) were no different from those with short and intermediate (15.5 to 17.3 h) FW times. However, these colour parameters were higher for the short FW time class compared to the intermediate FW time class (P<0.02). A hierarchical cluster analysis based on pHu , cooking loss and lightness (L*) from 200 rabbit loins was performed. Of the four clusters created, clusters 1 and 2 had the best and second-best meat quality, respectively. Clusters 3 and 4 had the lowest meat quality and presented DFD-like (dark, firm and dry) characteristics. Meat did not exhibit PSE-like (pale, soft, exudative) characteristics, even for the slaughter lot with the minimum mean pHu. Of the eight slaughter lots evaluated, more than 50% of the meat from three of them fell into clusters 3 and 4; all three were in the intermediate FW time class. Overall, the quality of rabbit meat analysed was acceptable for commercial use, but rather variable. This suggests that there are factors within the value chain that are not yet fully controlled and require further investigation.