Pour savoir comment effectuer et gérer un dépôt de document, consultez le « Guide abrégé – Dépôt de documents » sur le site Web de la Bibliothèque. Pour toute question, écrivez à corpus@ulaval.ca.
 

Personne :
Couture, Patrick

En cours de chargement...
Photo de profil

Adresse électronique

Date de naissance

Projets de recherche

Structures organisationnelles

Fonction

Nom de famille

Couture

Prénom

Patrick

Affiliation

Université Laval. Département de médecine

ISNI

ORCID

Identifiant Canadiana

ncf10829485

person.page.name

Résultats de recherche

Voici les éléments 1 - 10 sur 50
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Prevention of potential adverse metabolic effects of a supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids using a genetic score approach
    (Karger, 2019-11-29) Franck, Maximilien; Guénard, Frédéric; Toro Martin, Juan de; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lamarche, Benoît; Lemieux, Simone; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Introduction: The consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) has been reported to have beneficial health effects, notably, by reducing plasma triglyceride levels. Nonetheless, a concomitant decrease in insulin sensitivity has also been observed, but is highly variable among subjects. Herein, we aimed to determine the importance of the genetic background in the interindividual variability of the insulin sensitivity response following an n-3 PUFA supplementation. Methods: A total of 210 participants completed a 6-week n-3 PUFA supplementation with 5 g/day of fish oil (providing 1.9–2.2 g of eicosapentaenoic acid + 1.1 g of docosahexaenoic acid). Insulin resistance was estimated by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and participants were further classified as high-risk or low-risk depending on their HOMA-IR change following the n-3 PUFA supplementation, as compared to pre-supplementation values. Genome-wide genotyping data were obtained for 138 participants using HumanOmni-5-Quad BeadChips containing 4,301,331 single nucleotide polymorphisms. A genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was carried out between high-risk and low-risk participants. The population study was split into training (60%) and testing (40%) datasets to assess the predictive accuracy of a genetic risk score (GRS) constructed by summing the number of risk alleles. Results: Following the n-3 PUFA supplementation, 32 participants had increased HOMA-IR as compared to initial values and were classified as high risk (23.2%), whereas remaining subjects were classified as low risk (n = 106, 76.8%). A total of 8 loci had frequency differences between high-risk and low-risk participants at a suggestive GWAS association threshold (p value <1 × 10–5). After applying 10-fold cross validation, the GRS showed a significant association with the risk of increased HOMA-IR in the testing dataset (OR = 3.16 [95% CI, 1.85–7.14]), with a predictive accuracy of 0.85, and explained 40% of variation in HOMA-IR change. Conclusions: These results suggest that the genetic background has a relevant role in the interindividual variability observed in the insulin sensitivity response following an n-3 PUFA supplementation. Subjects being at risk of insulin sensitivity lowering following an n-3 PUFA supplementation may be identified using genetic-based precision nutrition approaches
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Genome-wide association study of dietary pattern scores
    (MDPI, 2017-06-23) Guénard, Frédéric; Bouchard-Mercier, Annie; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lemieux, Simone; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Dietary patterns, representing global food supplies rather than specific nutrients or food intakes, have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. The contribution of genetic factors in the determination of food intakes, preferences and dietary patterns has been previously established. The current study aimed to identify novel genetic factors associated with reported dietary pattern scores. Reported dietary patterns scores were derived from reported dietary intakes for the preceding month and were obtained through a food frequency questionnaire and genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted in a study sample of 141 individuals. Reported Prudent and Western dietary patterns demonstrated nominal associations (p < 1 × 10−5) with 78 and 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively. Among these, SNPs annotated to genes previously associated with neurological disorders, CVD risk factors and obesity were identified. Further assessment of SNPs demonstrated an impact on gene expression levels in blood for SNPs located within/near BCKDHB (p = 0.02) and the hypothalamic glucosensor PFKFB3 (p = 0.0004) genes, potentially mediated through an impact on the binding of transcription factors (TFs). Overrepresentations of glucose/energy homeostasis and hormone response TFs were also observed from SNP-surrounding sequences. Results from the current GWAS study suggest an interplay of genes involved in the metabolic response to dietary patterns on obesity, glucose metabolism and food-induced response in the brain in the adoption of dietary patterns.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Transcriptomic and metabolomic signatures of an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 2 supplementation in a normolipidemic/normocholesterolemic Caucasian population
    (Elsevier, 2012-06-28) Thifault, Elisabeth; Paradis, Ann-Marie; Rudkowska, Iwona; Barbier, Olivier; Lemieux, Simone; Julien, Pierre; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick; Tchernof, André
    OMIC technologies, including transcriptomics and metabolomics, may provide powerful tools for identifying the effects of nutrients on molecular functions and metabolic pathways. The objective was to investigate molecular and metabolic changes following n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation in healthy subjects via traditional biomarkers as well as transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Thirteen men and 17 women followed a 2-week run-in period based on Canada's Food Guide and then underwent 6-week supplementation with n-3 PUFA (3 g/day). Traditional biochemical markers such as plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, glycemic parameters and erythrocyte fatty acid concentrations were measured. Changes in gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed by microarrays, and metabolome profiles were assessed by mass spectrometry assay kit. After supplementation, plasma triglycerides decreased and erythrocyte n-3 PUFA concentrations increased to a similar extent in both genders. Further, plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and fasting glucose levels increased in women after n-3 PUFA supplementation. N-3 PUFA supplementation changed the expression of 610 genes in men, whereas the expression of 250 genes was altered in women. Pathway analyses indicate changes in gene expression of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, nuclear transcription-factor kappaB, oxidative stress and activation of the oxidative stress response mediated by nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. After n-3 PUFA supplementation, metabolomics profiles demonstrate an increase in acylcarnitines, hexose and leucine in men only and a decrease in saturation of glycerophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations in all subjects. Overall, traditional and novel biomarkers suggest that n-3 PUFA supplementation exerts cardioprotective effects.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Genetic risk prediction of the plasma triglyceride response to independent supplementations with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids : the 2 ComparED study
    (BioMed Central Ltd., 2020-06-15) Guénard, Frédéric; Vallée-Marcotte, Bastien; Toro Martin, Juan de; Lamarche, Benoît; Allaire, Janie; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Background : We previously built a genetic risk score (GRS) highly predictive of the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to an omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation from marine sources. The objective of the present study was to test the potential of this GRS to predict the plasma TG responsiveness to supplementation with either eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in the Comparing EPA to DHA (ComparED) Study. Methods : The ComparED Study is a double-blind, controlled, crossover trial, with participants randomized to three supplemented phases of 10 weeks each: (1) 2.7 g/day of DHA, (2) 2.7 g/day of EPA, and (3) 3 g/day of corn oil (control), separated by 9-week washouts. The 31 SNPs used to build the previous GRS were genotyped in 122 participants of the ComparED Study using TaqMan technology. The GRS for each participant was computed by summing the number of rare alleles. Ordinal and binary logistic models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to calculate the ability of the GRS to predict TG responsiveness. Results : The GRS predicted TG responsiveness to EPA supplementation (p = 0.006), and a trend was observed for DHA supplementation (p = 0.08). The exclusion of participants with neutral TG responsiveness clarified the association patterns and the predictive capability of the GRS (EPA, p = 0.0003, DHA p = 0.01). Conclusion : Results of the present study suggest that the constructed GRS is a good predictor of the plasma TG response to supplementation with either DHA or EPA.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Correlates of coronary artery calcification prevalence and severity in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
    (Elsevier, 2020-09-16) Clisson, Marine; Godbout, Dominic; Gagnon, Alexandre; Larose, Éric; Drouin-Chartier, Jean-Philippe; Tremblay, André; Arsenault, Benoit; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Couture, Patrick
    Background Determinants of coronary artery calcification (CAC) prevalence and severity in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) remain understudied. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate correlates of CAC in patients with HeFH. Methods A CAC score was calculated by a noncontrast computed tomography scan in women (n = 68) and men (n = 78) with genetically defined HeFH. We classified CAC prevalence and severity using 3 categories: CAC score = 0 Agatston Unit (AU), CAC score = 1-100 AU, and CAC score > 100 AU. Information on potential correlates of CAC including familial and personal health history, cardiovascular risk factors, lipid-lowering medication, and lifestyle habits was collected. Results A total of 95 patients had prevalent CAC. Independent correlates of CAC prevalence and severity included age (odds ratio [OR] per 10 years: 5.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.19, 7.93, P < 0.0001), family history of premature cardiovascular disease (OR: 3.88, 95% CI: 1.71, 8.81, P = 0.001), male sex (OR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.49, 7.78, P = 0.004), statin use (OR: 15.5, 95% CI: 1.89, 126, P = 0.01), diet quality assessed with the Alternative Healthy Eating Index score (OR per 1 standard deviation: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.90, P = 0.01), ever smoking (OR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.20, 7.81, P = 0.02), receptor-negative genotype (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 1.16, 8.66, P = 0.02), lipoprotein(a) year-score (OR per 1 standard deviation of log-transformed year-score: 1.53, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.36, P = 0.05). Conclusions In individuals with HeFH, age, family history of premature cardiovascular disease, sex, statin use, diet quality, smoking status, the LDLR genotype, and lipoprotein(a) concentrations were independently associated with CAC prevalence and severity.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Epigenetic changes in blood leukocytes following an omega-3 fatty acid supplementation
    (BiomedCentral, 2017-04-26) Guénard, Frédéric; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lemieux, Simone; Tremblay, Bénédicte L.; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 FAs) have several beneficial effects on cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors. These effects on CV risk profile may be mediated by several factors, including epigenetic modifications. Our objective is to investigate, using genome-wide DNA methylation analyses, methylation changes following an n-3 FA supplementation in overweight and obese subjects and to identify specific biological pathways potentially altered by the supplementation. Results: Blood leukocytes genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of 36 overweight and obese subjects before and after a 6-week supplementation with 3 g of n-3 FAs were compared using GenomeStudio software. After supplementation, 308 CpG sites, assigned to 231 genes, were differentially methylated (FDR-corrected Diffscore ≥│13│~ P ≤ 0.05). Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis system, a total of 55 pathways were significantly overrepresented following supplementation. Among these pathways, 16 were related to inflammatory and immune response, lipid metabolism, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular signaling. Changes in methylation levels of CpG sites within AKT3, ATF1, HDAC4, and IGFBP5 were correlated with changes in plasma triglyceride and glucose levels as well as with changes in the ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol following the supplementation. Conclusions: These data provide key differences in blood leukocytes DNA methylation profiles of subjects following an n-3 FA supplementation, which brings new, potential insights on metabolic pathways underlying the effects of n-3 FAs on CV health.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Association between polymorphisms in phospholipase A2 genes and the plasma triglyceride response to an n-3 PUFA supplementation : a clinical trial
    (BioMed Central, 2015-02-21) Cormier, Hubert; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lemieux, Simone; Tremblay, Bénédicte L.; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Background: Fish oil-derived long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), reduce plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. Genetic factors such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found in genes involved in metabolic pathways of n-3 PUFA could be responsible for well-recognized heterogeneity in plasma TG response to n-3 PUFA supplementation. Previous studies have shown that genes in the glycerophospholipid metabolism such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2) group II, IV, and VI, demonstrate changes in their expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after n-3 PUFA supplementation. Methods: A total of 208 subjects consumed 3 g/day of n-3 PUFA for 6 weeks. Plasma lipids were measured before and after the supplementation period. Five SNPs in PLA2G2A, six in PLA2G2C, eight in PLA2G2D, six in PLA2G2F, 22 in PLA2G4A, five in PLA2G6, and nine in PLA2G7 were genotyped. The MIXED Procedure for repeated measures adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and energy intake was used in order to test whether the genotype, supplementation or interaction (genotype by supplementation) were associated with plasma TG levels. Results: The n-3 PUFA supplementation had an independent effect on plasma TG levels. Genotype effects on plasma TG levels were observed for rs2301475 in PLA2G2C, rs818571 in PLA2G2F, and rs1569480 in PLA2G4A. Genotype x supplementation interaction effects on plasma TG levels were observed for rs1805018 in PLA2G7 as well as for rs10752979, rs10737277, rs7540602, and rs3820185 in PLA2G4A. Conclusion: These results suggest that, SNPs in PLA2 genes may influence plasma TG levels during a supplementation with n-3 PUFA. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01343342.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Raspberry consumption : identification of distinct immune-metabolic response profiles by whole blood transcriptome profiling
    (Elsevier, 2022-01-10) Franck, Maximilien; Toro Martin, Juan de; Varin, Thibaut; Garneau, Véronique; Pilon, Geneviève; Roy, Denis; Couture, Patrick; Couillard, Charles; Marette, André; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Background. Numerous studies reported that diets rich in phenolic compounds are beneficial to human health, especially for immune-metabolic conditions, yet these effects and underlying mechanisms are not well defined. Objectives. The main goal of this study was to investigate the architecture of the inter-individual variability of the immune-metabolic response to raspberry consumption, by identifying distinct subgroups of participants sharing similar transcriptomic signatures. Methods. The 24 participants assigned to the treated arm of a randomized controlled trial, and at risk of developing metabolic syndrome, received 280g/day of frozen raspberries for 8 weeks. RNAseq data from whole blood assessed at weeks 0 and 8 were used to identify sub-groups of responses to raspberry consumption, by using partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering. Changes in clinical features, metabolic parameters, plasma metabolites and gut metagenomics were compared between the resulting sub-groups. Results. Transcriptomic-based clustering regrouped the initial 24 study participants into two significantly different sub-groups of response to raspberry consumption, with 13 participants being defined as responders and 11 as non-responders. Following raspberry consumption, a significant decrease in plasma triglycerides, total-cholesterol and C-reactive protein was found in the responder sub-group, as compared to the non-responder sub-group. Two major components composed respectively of 100 and 220 genes were further identified by sparse PLS-DA as those better discriminating responders and non-responders. Functional pathways related to cytokine production, leukocyte activation and immune response were significantly enriched with discriminant genes. Factor analysis revealed that the first metabolomic factor mostly composed of decreasing triglycerides and increasing phosphatidylcholines was significantly higher in responders, as compared to non-responders. Analysis of gut metagenomic data revealed differences between responders and non-responders prior to the intervention and distinct modulations, notably regarding Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla. Conclusions. The discrimination analysis carried out in the present study based on transcriptional changes following raspberry consumption was able to identify two divergent sub-groups of participants, which were further identified as responders and non-responders, according to their immune-metabolic and gut metagenomic responses. In the context of precision nutrition, this holistic approach represents a promising framework to tackle the issue of inter-individual variability in the understanding of the impact of foods or nutrients on immune-metabolic health.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Novel genetic loci associated with the plasma triglyceride response to an omega-3 fatty acid supplementation
    (Karger, 2016-06-01) Vallée-Marcotte, Bastien; Cormier, Hubert; Guénard, Frédéric; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lemieux, Simone; Couture, Patrick; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) by our group identified 13 loci associated with the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (FA) supplementation. This study aimed to test whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IQCJ, NXPH1, PHF17 and MYB genes are associated with the plasma TG response to an n-3 FA supplementation. Methods: A total of 208 subjects followed a 6-week n-3 FA supplementation of 5 g/day of fish oil (1.9-2.2 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.1 g of docosahexaenoic acid). Measurements of plasma lipids were made before and after the supplementation. Sixty-seven tagged SNPs were selected to increase the density of markers near GWAS hits. Results: In a repeated model, independent effects of the genotype and the gene-supplementation interaction were associated with plasma TG. Genotype effects were observed with two SNPs of NXPH1, and gene-diet interactions were observed with ten SNPs of IQCJ, four SNPs of NXPH1 and three SNPs of MYB. Positive and negative responders showed different genotype frequencies with nine SNPs of IQCJ, two SNPs of NXPH1 and two SNPs of MYB. Conclusion: Fine mapping in GWAS-associated loci allowed the identification of SNPs partly explaining the large interindividual variability observed in plasma TG levels in response to an n-3 FA supplementation.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    A common variant in ARHGEF10 alters delta-6 desaturase activity and influence susceptibility to hypertriglyceridemia
    (Elsevier, 2017-11-01) Guénard, Frédéric; Toro Martin, Juan de; Rudkowska, Iwona; Lemieux, Simone; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Couture, Patrick
    Background. Numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fatty acid desaturase activities have been previously identified within the FADS1-FADS2 gene cluster, which encodes delta-5 (D5D) and delta-6 (D6D) desaturases, respectively. Objective. We aimed at further characterizing the genetic variability associated with D5D and D6D activities on a genome-wide scale. Methods. We conducted a genome-wide association study of D5D and D6D activities in a cohort of 141 individuals from the greater Quebec City metropolitan area using the Illumina HumanOmni5-Quad BeadChip. Estimates of D5D and D6D activities were computed using product-to-precursor fatty acid ratios, arachidonic acid (AA)/dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) for D5D, and DGLA/linoleic acid (LA) for D6D. Levels of fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography in plasma phospholipids. Results. We identified 24 previously reported SNPs associated with fatty acid levels and desaturase activities as significantly associated with D5D activity within the FADS1-FADS2 gene cluster (lead SNP rs174566/A>G). Furthermore, we identified 5 novel loci potentially associated with D5D activity at chromosomes 1, 6, 4, 8 and 19. A novel SNP associated with D6D activity and mapped to the ARHGEF10 locus (rs2280885/A>G) was identified, with carriers of the rare allele showing a significant increase in D6D activity and plasma triglyceride levels. After multiple testing correction by permutation, only rs174566 and rs2280885 remained significantly associated to D5D and D6D activity estimates, respectively. Conclusions. These results confirm previous genetic associations within the FADS1- FADS2 gene cluster with D5D activity. A novel genetic variation associated with higher D6D activity within the ARHGEF10 gene is potentially altering plasma triglyceride levels.