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Dagenais, François

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Dagenais

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François

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Université Laval. Département de chirurgie

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ncf10831090

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A single center experience with the freestyle bioprosthesis : midterm results at the Québec Heart Institute

2001-10-01, Desaulniers, Denis, Baillot, Richard, Bauset, Richard, Lemieux, Michel, Raymond, Gilles, Perron, Jean, Cartier, Paul C., Doyle, Daniel, Pibarot, Philippe, Dumesnil, Jean G., Dagenais, François

Stentless bioprostheses show excellent early hemodynamic performance. However, longevity still remains unknown. This study reports midterm follow-up in 419 patients in which a Freestyle bioprosthesis (Medtronic Heart Valves, Minneapolis, MN) was inserted between January 1993 and January 2000 at the Quebec Heart Institute (Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada). Mean age at implantation was 68.0 +/- 8.2 years. Implantation was subcoronary in 81.9% of the patients, as a root replacement in 16.5%, and as a root inclusion in 1.7%. Mortality at 30 days was 6.2% for the whole cohort (2.8% for isolated subcoronary aortic valve replacement). Female gender, root implantation, valve sizes 19 to 21 mm, previous surgery, a history of stroke and diabetes were identified as predictors of 30-day mortality. Actuarial freedom from all death causes was 81.5% at 7 years; freedom from valve-related deaths 97.0%, and freedom from cardiac deaths 92.7%. Freedom from thromboembolic events was 86.1% at 7 years (55.1% of events were < 30 days). Freedom from endocarditis and hemorrhagic complications were respectively 98.5% and 95.6% at 7 years. Six patients required reoperations for valve explantation: 2 for endocarditis, 2 for structural dysfunction, and 2 for nonstructural dysfunction. Incidence of moderate or severe valve insufficiency at annual echocardiographic follow-up was: discharge: 0.6%; year 1: 0.7%; year 2: 1.3%; year 3: 3.3%; year 4: 3.7%; year 5: 2.6%; year 6: 0%. At 6 years after implantation, mean transvalvular gradient and effective valve orifice area were comparable to the year 1 values. This single center experience with the Medtronic Freestyle prosthesis shows preserved hemodynamic performance and low valve-related complications at midterm.

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Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival after aortic valve replacement : influence of age, obesity, and left ventricular dysfunction

2009-01-06, Mohty, Dania, Dumesnil, Jean G., Voisine, Pierre, Echahidi, Najmeddine, Pibarot, Philippe, Dagenais, François, Mathieu, Patrick

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) on late survival after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and to determine if this effect is modulated by patient age, body mass index (BMI), and pre-operative left ventricular (LV) function. Background: We recently reported that PPM is an independent predictor of operative mortality after AVR, particularly when associated with LV dysfunction. Methods: The indexed valve effective orifice area (EOA) was estimated in 2,576 patients having survived AVR and was used to define PPM as not clinically significant if it was >0.85 cm(2)/m(2), as moderate if >0.65 and < or =0.85 cm(2)/m(2), and severe if < or =0.65 cm(2)/m(2). Results: After adjustment for other risk factors, severe PPM was associated with increased late overall mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.38; p = 0.03) and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.63; p = 0.0006) in the whole cohort. Severe PPM was also associated with increased overall mortality in patients <70 years old (HR: 1.77; p = 0.002) and in patients with a BMI <30 kg/m(2) (HR: 2.1; p = 0.006), but had no impact in older patients or in obese patients. Moderate PPM was a predictor of mortality in patients with LV ejection fraction <50% (HR: 1.21; p = 0.01), but not in patients with preserved LV function. Conclusions: Moderate PPM is associated with increased late mortality in patients with LV dysfunction, but with normal prognosis in those with preserved LV function. Notwithstanding the previously demonstrated deleterious effect of severe PPM on early mortality, this factor appears to increase late mortality only in patients <70 years old and/or with a BMI <30 kg/m(2) or an LV ejection fraction <50%.

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Postoperative atrial fibrillation predicts long-term survival after aortic-valve surgery but not after mitral-valve surgery : a retrospective study.

2011-10-27, Magne, Julien, Voisine, Pierre, Girerd, Nicolas, Pibarot, Philippe, Dagenais, François, Mathieu, Patrick

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) has been reported to be associated with reduced long-term survival after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of POAF on long-term survival after valvular surgery. Methods: The authors retrospectively analysed the preoperative and operative data of 2986 consecutive patients with no preoperative history of atrial fibrillation undergoing first valvular surgery (aortic-valve replacement (AVR), mitral valve replacement or mitral valve repair (MVR/MVRp) with or without coronary artery bypass grafting surgery) in their institution between 1995 and 2008 (median follow-up 5.31 years, range 0.1-15.0). The authors investigated the impact of POAF on survival using multivariable Cox regression. Results: Patients with POAF were older, and were more likely to have hypertension or renal failure when compared with patients without POAF. The 12-year survival in patients with POAF was 45.7±2.8% versus 61.4±2.1% in patients without POAF (p<0.001). On a multivariable analysis, when adjusting for age and other potential confounding factors, POAF tended to be associated with lower long-term survival (HR for all-cause death (HR)=1.17, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.38, p=0.051). The authors also analysed this association separately in patients with AVR and those with MVR/MVRp. In the multivariable analysis, POAF was a significant predictor of higher long-term mortality in patients with AVR (HR=1.22, CI 1.02 to 1.45, p=0.03) but not in patients with MVR/MVRp (HR=0.87, CI 0.58 to 1.29, p=0.48). Conclusions: POAF is significantly associated with long-term mortality following AVR but not after MVR/MVRp. The underlying factors involved in the pathogenesis of POAF after MVR/MVRp may partially account for the lack of association between POAF and survival in these patients.

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Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on survival after mitral valve replacement

2007-03-05, Tanné, David, Magne, Julien, Doyle, Daniel, Pibarot, Philippe, Dumesnil, Jean G., Dagenais, François, Mathieu, Patrick

Background — We recently reported that valve prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) is associated with persisting pulmonary hypertension after mitral valve replacement. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of PPM on mortality in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement. Methods and Results— The indexed valve effective orifice area was estimated for each type and size of prosthesis being implanted in 929 consecutive patients and used to define PPM as not clinically significant if >1.2 cm2/m2, as moderate if >0.9 and =1.2 cm2/m2, and as severe if =0.9 cm2/m2. Moderate PPM was present in 69% of patients; severe PPM was seen in 9%. For patients with severe PPM, 6-year survival (74±5%) and 12-year survival (63±7%) were significantly less than for patients with moderate PPM (84±1% and 76±2%; P=0.027) or nonsignificant PPM (90±2% and 82±4%; P=0.002). On multivariate analysis, severe PPM was associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 6.8; P=0.003). Conclusions— Severe PPM is an independent predictor of mortality after mitral valve replacement. As opposed to other independent risk factors, PPM may be avoided or its severity may be reduced with the use of a prospective strategy at the time of operation. For patients identified as being at risk for severe PPM, every effort should be made to implant a prosthesis with a larger effective orifice area.

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Does the use of stentless aortic valves in a subcoronary position prevent patient-prosthesis mismatch for small aortic annulus?

2008-07-01, Lopez, Stéphane, Voisine, Pierre, Mohammadi, Siamak, Doyle, Daniel, Pibarot, Philippe, Dumesnil, Jean G., Dagenais, François, Mathieu, Patrick

Objective : Freestyle stentless bioprostheses have shown excellent hemodynamic performance. However, small size subcoronary implants have yet to prove their clinical usefulness. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of patient-prosthesis mismatch [PPM = Indexed Effective Orifice Area (iEOA) = 0.85 cm2/m2] after aortic valve replacement (AVR) with 19-mm and 21-mm stentless bioprostheses and to evaluate clinical and hemodynamic outcomes. Methods : From January 1993 to December 2000, 419 patients who had undergone Freestyle bioprostheses implantation were prospectively followed. Sixty-eight patients (16%) received a 19–21-mm prosthesis. The EOA was calculated and indexed to the patient's body surface area to obtain the iEOA. Clinical as well as echographic measures were recorded at discharge and at one and five years. Results : PPM was present in 91% and 80% of patients with 19-mm and 21-mm prostheses, respectively. Severe mismatch (iEOA = 0.65 cm2/m2) was present in 58% and 17%. Mean gradients at discharge were 22 ± 11 mmHg for the 19-mm prostheses and 14 ± 7 mmHg for the 21-mm prostheses. Perioperative mortality was 33% (4/12 pts) for 19-mm prosthesis and 7% (4/56 pts) for 21-mm prostheses. Five-year actuarial survival was 58% for patients with 19-mm prosthesis and 82% for patients with 21-mm prosthesis (p = 0.04). Conclusion : AVR with small size Freestyle subcoronary implants is associated with a high incidence of PPM and high mortality.

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Impact of aortic stenosis severity and its interaction with prosthesis-patient mismatch on operative mortality following aortic valve replacement.

2012-03-02, Girerd, Nicolas, Charbonneau, Éric, Dumont, Éric, Magne, Julien, Baillot, Richard, Voisine, Pierre, Pibarot, Philippe, Dumesnil, Jean G., Dagenais, François, Mathieu, Patrick

The optimal timing of aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) is a source of debate. Moreover, it has been shown previously that prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) is an independent predictor of operative mortality after AVR. The study aim was to assess the effect of the preoperative severity of AS and its interaction with PPM with respect to operative mortality after AVR.

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The impact of complete revascularization on long-term survival is strongly dependent on age

2012-11-01, Charbonneau, Éric, Dumont, Éric, Magne, Julien, Baillot, Richard, Voisine, Pierre, Mohammadi, Siamak, Doyle, Daniel, Girerd, Nicolas, Pibarot, Philippe, Dagenais, François, Rabilloud, Muriel, Mathieu, Patrick

BACKGROUND: Complete revascularization during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been reported to be associated with better short-term and long-term outcomes. We hypothesized that the survival benefit of complete revascularization would be less in old patients than in young patients. METHODS: We analyzed data from 6,539 consecutive patients who had undergone a first isolated on-pump CABG procedure between 2000 and 2008. We investigated the impact of complete revascularization and its interaction with age on operative and long-term survival using propensity-score-based analyses. RESULTS: Patients with incomplete (versus complete) revascularization (n=318 [4.9%]) were sicker overall. During a mean follow-up of 5.8±2.2 years, 909 patients died. In the propensity-score-matched analysis, operative mortality was not significantly different between patients with complete revascularization and those with incomplete revascularization (1.9% versus 2.8%; odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-3.46; p=0.48). In contrast, incomplete revascularization had an independent negative impact on long-term survival, which was strongly age dependent (hazard ratio [HR] for interaction, 0.96 per year increment; p=0.02). In a propensity-score-matched analysis, incomplete revascularization was independently associated with higher long-term mortality in patients younger than 60 years (HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.21-8.86; p=0.02), whereas it was not in patients 60 to 70 years and 70 years of age and older (p=0.87 and p=0.24, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to what is observed in patients younger than 60 years, complete revascularization does not seem to improve long-term survival in older patients. This suggests that elderly patients at high operative risk may be considered, when deemed clinically appropriate, for limited coronary revascularization