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Personne :
Cloutier, Geneviève

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Cloutier

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Geneviève

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Université Laval. Centre de recherches en aménagement et en développement

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ncf13666442

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Voici les éléments 1 - 8 sur 8
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Enjeux et bénéfices socioéconomiques : la création du parc national des Pingualuit, Nunavik, Québec (Canada)
    (Université du Québec à Montréal., 2019-06-12) Proulx, Guillaume; Cloutier, Geneviève; Dubé, Jean
    Près de quinze ans après son inauguration, le parc national des Pingualuit fait maintenant partie du paysage de la communauté de Kangiqsujuaq au Nunavik, au nord du Québec (Canada). Les études antérieures ont démontré des attentes élevées par rapport à l’implantation d’un tel parc dans la communauté, plus particulièrement en ce qui a trait aux impacts économiques. Cependant, comme c’est généralement le cas, de pareils travaux sont rarement étudiés après la mise en place du projet. L’évaluation des impacts a priori aide généralement à justifier un projet, alors qu’aucune investigation a posteriori n’est faite. C’est pourquoi nous tentons de déterminer les retombées actuelles de l’aménagement du parc national sur la communauté et d’évaluer si les retombées anticipées se sont concrétisées. Quelles ont été les retombées de l’aménagement du parc national des Pingualuit et comment se sont-elles traduites pour la communauté de Kangiqsujuaq ? Pour répondre à cette question, notre étude consistait en l’analyse d’entrevues semi-structurées auprès d’acteurs locaux et provinciaux ainsi que des observations participantes, menées durant l’été 2017. Si l’impact économique du développement du parc est difficile à évaluer, notre analyse démontre que le parc national des Pingualuit a assurément un effet positif sur la communauté : il contribue à structurer les pratiques culturelles locales et les activités traditionnelles, et à améliorer l’accès au territoire. Par ailleurs, notre étude suggère que le parc est devenu un acteur de premier plan dans l’aménagement du territoire à l’échelle régionale, notamment face à l’expansion de l’industrie minière. Cette étude devrait contribuer à une meilleure compréhension du développement des parcs, en établissant un suivi de ses retombées au fil du temps.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Building territorial value within local circular economy's projects : lessons from French scholars' studies
    (Routledge - Taylor and Francis Group, 2021-08-06) Chembessi, Chedrak; Beaurain, Christophe; Cloutier, Geneviève
    This contribution proposes an introduction to the concept of territorial value used by French-speaking researchers to analyse the benefits of circular economy (CE)'s projects. For several years, French-speaking researchers have been highlighting the emergence of a new form of value in the CE's implementation. This so-called territorial value is associated with the mobilisation of heterogeneous actors (industrial, institutional, associative, etc.) in the CE's implementation in the territories. It is essentially based on the capture, realisation, and redistribution of positive social externalities. However, this concept of territorial value covers many issues. This contribution addresses the theoretical and empirical issues of territorial value. It discusses its relationship with other concepts and/or forms of value (extended customer value, partnership value, shared value, etc.) which nevertheless remain values oriented towards the company. Then, it shows a relationship between territorial value, the issue of territorial development and, more broadly the ecological transition. The critical analysis reveals that the territorial value is defined around an overcoming of the genealogical approach of the value centred on the company. It refers to the valorisation of territorial resources. Then, it supposes the existence of a collective process relying particularly on the relations of proximity between the territorial actors. Finally, this contribution explores the difficulties in measuring this territorial value, which constitute research opportunities for the international scientific community.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Renewable energy as a catalyst for equity? : integrating Inuit interests with Nunavik energy planning
    (Lisbon, Portugal : Cogitatio, 2021-12-16) Paquet, Antoine; Cloutier, Geneviève; Blais, Myriam
    Nunavik’s residents experience significant social and environmental disruptions due to climate change. These disruptions add to the widespread changes that the Inuit have encountered over the last century—changes that have left this community totally dependent on fossil fuels for heat and power. Over time, Nunavik’s residents have taken control of petroleum resources and their distribution, transforming this energy source into a major regional economic asset. Recently, there has been a transition towards renewable energy technologies (RETs) in Nunavik. However, are these alternative sources of energy appealing to local residents? This article explores the potential of RETs through the lens of procedural and substantive equity in the context of Inuit interests and integrated sustainability. Based on informal discussions with Inuit residents, interviews with stakeholders of the energy transition in Nunavik, and a literature analysis, this article presents two main results: (1) The level of substantive equity depends mainly on the type of RET and on idiosyncrasies between communities, and (2) local governance and procedural equity need to be asserted so that RETs can become true catalysts for equity.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Planning adaptation based on local actors’ knowledge and participation : a climate governance experiment
    (Taylor & Francis group, 2014-07-23) Labarthe, Martial; Legay, Christelle; Joerin, Florent; Cloutier, Geneviève; Dubois, Catherine; Viens, Dominique
    Involving a wide-range of stakeholders at different moments in the planning of urban adaptation to climate change can help to overcome different barriers to adaptation, such as a lack of common perception, or control over options. This Article argues for an approach that involves a wide range of actors throughout the planning process in order to confront the challenges of urban adaptation to climate change. It builds on the results of a three-year participatory action research project to identify the catalysts with which local administrations can overcome the lack of data, the low level of engagement around the climate issue, and the cause-and-effect linkages of climate change impacts on the urban environment. Significant factors include territorial rootedness, leveraging actors’ experience, interaction between actors, as well as the valuing of local actors as experts of territorial management rather than as novices with regard to climate change adaptation. In addition to contributing towards the engagement of a large number of stakeholders around adaptation issues, a planning process that involves representatives from various sectors and during several stages contributes to a greater understanding of these issues and their linkages. It follows that such a process will bring changes to urban practices by better articulating local concerns about climatic issues.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Do-it-yourself (DIY) adaptation : civic initiatives as drivers to address climate change at the urban scale
    (Elsevier, 2018-01-04) Cloutier, Geneviève; Papin, Marielle; Bizier, Christian
    Greening projects lead by civic actors at the urban scale spur transformation through example and through gradual adjustment of processes. Questions remain on how such projects are put into action and on what make them work. How do civic experiments reflect the ongoing change in urban governance and practices? We focus on a qualitative study of two greening initiatives lead by civic groups in Quebec City (Quebec, Canada). The case studies are analysed through the lens of theories that approach civic action and climate experiments as new modes of urban governance. We conclude that civil society groups have the capacity to intervene directly on the urban environment in order to enhance its quality. Findings reveal that informal greening initiatives contribute to a civic narrative in favour of adaptation to climate change at the local scale.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Self-organizing or organizing one another? Cycling groups’ participation to planning
    (London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis, 2022-06-15) Béliveau-Côté, Guillaume; Cloutier, Geneviève; Houde-Tremblay, Émilie; Chembessi, Chedrak
    Studies on planning have traditionally exposed how institutional participation opposes informal modes of participation. But do activists have to choose between the two? Suggesting that there is a grey-zone, recent work has focused on the distinct paths that individuals take to engage in civic life. We argue that strategies that involves both civil society-led and traditional approaches may help defend planning options, especially for those not considered in formal decision-making in local planning. In what ways can the interrelation of traditional and nontraditional modes of participation help bring forth new ideas? Building on a case study of urban activists tackling issues regarding cycling in Québec City (Québec, Canada), we observed how they connect planning with different modes of participation. Activists take part in the debate on urban planning through institutional platforms, demonstrating their desire to be recognized. Also, they take actions to increase the legitimacy of alternative modes of mobility.
  • PublicationRestriction temporaire
    Citizen participation at the micro-community level : the case of the green alley projects in Quebec City
    (Elsevier, 2021-02-15) Cloutier, Geneviève; Brazeau-Béliveau, Noémie
    In public or political affairs, civic engagement in transitioning from institutional channels to less formal modes of participation, which have an immediate impact on the local space. For example, greening projects have emerged to address issues such as climate change or to challenge institutional urban planning and practices. These small-scale gardening and greening initiatives can be seen as a way to re-mobilize inhabitants and even involve them in urban planning. But is this the case? How do citizens frame their role and relationship with the public space, and in terms of the local administration? Also, NGOs and other groups acting as ‘mediators’ in the process facilitate civic action, but how do citizens feel about the actions of these facilitators? Based on an action-research project carried out in Quebec City (Quebec, Canada), we address what it means to take part in greening projects at a micro-scale. Using participant observations, 20 interviews, and field notes, we look at how such projects operate and evolve. The greening projects that were studied benefited from the support of the NGO, which acted as a facilitator throughout the process. This contextualized facilitation allowed the initiative to gain momentum socially, politically, and spatially.
  • PublicationRestriction temporaire
    Collective urban gardens : growing, learning and fostering social engagement
    (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2023-07-25) Cloutier, Geneviève; Houde-Tremblay, Émilie; Gaudet, Stéphanie
    Scholars have recently worked to broaden the definition of urban engagement in order to better understand the multiple manifestations of this concept. Some, interested in grasping the potential transformative or demonstrative effects of everyday actions in urban settings, have examined active practices, such as gardening. Others have focused on the scale of action and have demonstrated how limited activities can have significant effects on individuals and communities. Building on the case studies of collective gardens in the significantly different urban settings of Québec City (Canada) and Madrid (Spain), we explore how the practices of urban gardening offer forms of learning that often go beyond gardening itself and expand into collective decision making and social engagement. The gardens we look at are grassroots based, have been in operation for approximately ten years and receive a form of support from city programmes. Our results show that these gardens are the sites of social processes where gardeners develop a strong identity in relation to the alternative lifestyles that they build, as well as a sense of belonging that goes beyond the boundaries of their garden and that connects them to nature. By developing their ethos of care, gardeners learn that neighbourhood-oriented actions have political implications that can help change the city.