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Personne :
Guillemette, Chantal

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Guillemette

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Chantal

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Université Laval. Faculté de pharmacie

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Voici les éléments 1 - 7 sur 7
  • PublicationRestreint
    Factors affecting interindividual variability of hepatic UGT2B17 protein expression examined using a novel specific monoclonal antibody
    (American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, etc., 2019-02-28) Lévesque, Éric; Rouleau, Michèle; Labriet, Adrien; Emond, Jean-Philippe; Hovington, Hélène; Périgny, Martine; Desjardins, Sylvie; Têtu, Bernard; Lacombe, Louis; Brisson, Hervé.; Guillemette, Chantal; Caron, Patrick; Fallon, John K.; Villeneuve, Lyne; Klein, Kathrin; Simonyan, David; Smith, Philip; Zanger, Ulrich M.
    The accurate quantification of the metabolic enzyme UGT2B17 has been hampered by the high sequence identity with other UGT2B enzymes (as high as 94%) and by the lack of a specific antibody. Knowing the significance of the UGT2B17 pathway in drug and hormone metabolism and cancer, we developed a specific monoclonal antibody (EL-2B17mAb), initially validated by the lack of detection in liver microsomes of an individual carrying no UGT2B17 gene copy and in supersomes expressing UGT2B enzymes. Immunohistochemical detection in livers reveals a strong labeling of bile ducts and variable labeling of hepatocytes. Expression levels assessed by immunoblotting were highly correlated to mass spectrometry-based quantification (r = 0.93) and three major expression patterns (absent, low or high) were evidenced. Livers with very low expression were carriers of the functional rs59678213 G variant, which is located in the binding site for the transcription factor Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) of the UGT2B17 promoter. The highest expression was observed for individuals carrying at least one rs59678213 A allele. A multiple regression analysis indicated that the number of gene copies explained only 8% of UGT2B17 protein expression, 49% when adding rs59678213 and reached 54% when including sex. The novel EL-2B17mAb antibody allowed specific UGT2B17 quantification and exposed different patterns of hepatic expression. It further suggests that FOXA1 is a key driver of UGT2B17 expression in the liver. The availability of this molecular tool will help characterize UGT2B17 level in various disease states and establish more precisely the UGT2B17 enzyme contribution to drug and hormone metabolism
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Estradiol metabolites as biomarkers of endometrial cancer prognosis after surgery
    (Pergamon Press, 2017-10-29) Turcotte, Véronique; Audet-Delage, Yannick; Guillemette, Chantal; Caron, Patrick; Ayotte, Pierre; Plante, Marie; Villeneuve, Lyne; Simonyan, David; Grégoire, Jean
    Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy prevailing after menopause. Defining steroid profiles may help predict the risk of recurrence after hysterectomy, which remains limited due to the lack of reliable markers. Adrenal precursors, androgens, parent estrogens and catechol estrogen metabolites were measured by mass spectrometry (MS) in preoperative serums and those collected one month after hysterectomy from 246 newly diagnosed postmenopausal EC cases. We also examined the associations between steroid hormones and EC status by including 110 healthy postmenopausal women. Steroid concentrations were analyzed in relation to clinicopathological features, recurrence and overall survival (OS). The mean follow-up time was 65.5 months and 26 patients experienced relapse after surgery for a recurrence incidence of 10.6% (6.4% Type I and 29.5% Type II). Recurrence and OS were related to a more aggressive disease but not linked to body mass index. Preoperative levels of estriol (E3) and estrone-sulfate (E1-S) were inversely associated with recurrence in a multivariate logistic regression analysis (Hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.31, P = 0.039 and 3.01, P = 0.024; respectively). All circulating steroids declined considerably after surgery almost reaching those of healthy women, except 4-methoxy-E2 (4MeO-E2) for which postoperative levels increased by 35% and were associated to a 68% decreased risk of recurrence (HR = 0.32, P = 0.015). Women diagnosed with both histological types of EC present significantly higher levels of steroids, in support of their mitogenic effects. The estrogen precursor E1-S, the anticancer metabolite 4MeO-E2, and E3 that exert mixed antagonist and agonist estrogenic activities and immunological effects, are potential independent prognostic factors.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Posttranscriptional regulation of UGT2B10 hepatic expression and activity by alternative splicing
    (American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2018-02-09) Rouleau, Michèle; Labriet, Adrien; Audet-Delage, Yannick; Guillemette, Chantal; Allain, Eric; Villeneuve, Lyne
    The detoxification enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B10 is specialized in the N-linked glucuronidation of many drugs and xenobiotics. Preferred substrates possess tertiary aliphatic amines and heterocyclic amines, such as tobacco carcinogens and several antidepressants and antipsychotics. We hypothesized that alternative splicing (AS) constitutes a means to regulate steady-state levels of UGT2B10 and enzyme activity. We established the transcriptome of UGT2B10 in normal and tumoral tissues of multiple individuals. The highest expression was in the liver, where 10 AS transcripts represented 50% of the UGT2B10 transcriptome in 50 normal livers and 44 hepatocellular carcinomas. One abundant class of transcripts involves a novel exonic sequence and leads to two alternative (alt.) variants with novel in-frame C termini of 10 or 65 amino acids. Their hepatic expression was highly variable among individuals, correlated with canonical transcript levels, and was 3.5-fold higher in tumors. Evidence for their translation in liver tissues was acquired by mass spectrometry. In cell models, they colocalized with the enzyme and influenced the conjugation of amitriptyline and levomedetomidine by repressing or activating the enzyme (40%–70%; P < 0.01) in a cell context–specific manner. A high turnover rate for the alt. proteins, regulated by the proteasome, was observed in contrast to the more stable UGT2B10 enzyme. Moreover, a drug-induced remodeling of UGT2B10 splicing was demonstrated in the HepaRG hepatic cell model, which favored alt. variants expression over the canonical transcript. Our findings support a significant contribution of AS in the regulation of UGT2B10 expression in the liver with an impact on enzyme activity.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    A rare UGT2B7 variant creates a novel N-glycosylation site at codon 121 with impaired enzyme activity
    (American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2016-09-12) Benoît-Biancamano, Marie-Odile; Desjardins, Sylvie; Guillemette, Chantal; Girard-Bock, Camille; Villeneuve, Lyne
    UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) superfamily are glycoproteins resident of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes that undergo post-translational modifications (PTM). UGT2B7 is of particular interest because of its action on a wide variety of drugs. Most studies currently survey common variants and are only examining a small fraction of the genetic diversity. However, rare variants (frequency <1%) might have significant effect as they are predicted to greatly outnumber common variants in the human genome. Here, we discovered a rare single nucleotide UGT2B7 variant of potential pharmacogenetic relevance that encodes a nonconservative amino acid substitution at codon 121. This low-frequency variation, found in two individuals of a population of 305 healthy volunteers, leads to the translation of an asparagine (Asn) instead of an aspartic acid (Asp) (UGT2B7 p.D121N). This amino acid change was predicted to create a putative N-glycosylation motif NX(S/T) subsequently validated upon endoglycosidase H treatment of microsomal fractions and inhibition of N-glycosylation of endogenously produced UGT2B7 with tunicamycin from HEK293 cells. The presence of an additional N-linked glycan on the UGT2B7 enzyme, likely affecting proper protein folding, resulted in a significant decrease, respectively by 49 and 40%, in the formation of zidovudine and mycophenolic acid glucuronides. A systematic survey of the dbSNP database uncovered 32 rare and naturally occurring missense variations predicted to create or disrupt N-glycosylation sequence motifs in the other UGT2B enzymes. Collectively, these variants have the potential to increase the proportion of variance explained in the UGT pathway due to changes in PTM such as N-linked glycosylation with consequences on drug metabolism.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Unravelling the transcriptomic landscape of the major phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferase drug metabolizing pathway using targeted RNA sequencing
    (Nature, 2015-04-14) Lévesque, Éric; Margaillan, Guillaume; Rouleau, Michèle; Gilbert, Isabelle; Droit, Arnaud; Tourancheau, Alan; Guillemette, Chantal; Villeneuve, Lyne
    A comprehensive view of the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) transcriptome is a prerequisite to the establishment of an individual's UGT metabolic glucuronidation signature. Here, we uncover the transcriptome landscape of the 10 human UGT gene loci in normal and tumoral metabolic tissues by targeted RNA next-generation sequencing. Alignment on the human hg19 reference genome identifies 234 novel exon-exon junctions. We recover all previously known UGT1 and UGT2 enzyme-coding transcripts and identify over 130 structurally and functionally diverse novel UGT variants. We further expose a revised genomic structure of UGT loci and provide a comprehensive repertoire of transcripts for each UGT gene. Data also uncover a remodelling of the UGT transcriptome occurring in a tissue- and tumor-specific manner. The complex alternative splicing program regulating UGT expression and protein functions is likely critical in determining detoxification capacity of an organ and stress-related responses, with significant impact on drug responses and diseases.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    The relative protein abundance of UGT1A alternative splice variants as a key determinant of glucuronidation activity in vitro
    (American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, etc., 2013-04-01) Roberge, Joannie; Guillemette, Chantal; Falardeau, Sarah-Ann; Rouleau, Mélanie; Villeneuve, Lyne
    Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the most significant components of the functional complexity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (UGTs), particularly for the UGT1A gene, which represents one of the best examples of a drug-metabolizing gene regulated by AS. Shorter UGT1A isoforms [isoform 2 (i2)] are deficient in glucuronic acid transferase activity but function as negative regulators of enzyme activity through protein-protein interaction. Their abundance, relative to active UGT1A enzymes, is expected to be a determinant of the global transferase activity of cells and tissues. Here we tested whether i2-mediated inhibition increases with greater abundance of the i2 protein relative to the isoform 1 (i1) enzyme, using the extrahepatic UGT1A7 as a model and a series of 23 human embryonic kidney 293 clonal cell lines expressing variable contents of i1 and i2 proteins. Upon normalization for i1, a significant reduction of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin glucuronide formation was observed for i1+i2 clones (mean of 53%) compared with the reference i1 cell line. In these clones, the i2 protein content varied greatly (38–263% relative to i1) and revealed two groups: 17 clones with i2 < i1 (60% ± 3%) and 6 clones with i2 = i1 (153% ± 24%). The inhibition induced by i2 was more substantial for clones displaying i2 = i1 (74.5%; P = 0.001) compared with those with i2 < i1 (45.5%). Coimmunoprecipitation supports a more substantial i1-i2 complex formation when i2 exceeds i1. We conclude that the relative abundance of regulatory i2 proteins has the potential to drastically alter the local drug metabolism in the cells, particularly when i2 surpasses the protein content of i1.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Quantitative profiling of the UGT transcriptome in human drug metabolizing tissues
    (Nature Publishing Group., 2017-04-25) Rouleau, Michèle; Gilbert, Isabelle; Droit, Arnaud; Tourancheau, Alan; Guillemette, Chantal; Guauque-Olarte, Sandra; Villeneuve, Lyne
    Alternative splicing as a mean to control gene expression and diversify function is suspected to considerably influence drug response and clearance. We report the quantitative expression profiles of the human UGT genes including alternatively spliced variants not previously annotated established by deep RNA-sequencing in tissues of pharmacological importance. We reveal a comprehensive quantification of the alternative UGT transcriptome that differ across tissues and among individuals. Alternative transcripts that comprise novel in-frame sequences associated or not with truncations of the 5′- and/or 3′- termini, significantly contribute to the total expression levels of each UGT1 and UGT2 gene averaging 21% in normal tissues, with expression of UGT2 variants surpassing those of UGT1. Quantitative data expose preferential tissue expression patterns and remodeling in favor of alternative variants upon tumorigenesis. These complex alternative splicing programs have the strong potential to contribute to interindividual variability in drug metabolism in addition to diversify the UGT proteome.