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Personne :
Pandian, Sithian

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Pandian

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Sithian

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Université Laval. Département de sciences et technologie des aliments

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ncf12004008

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Voici les éléments 1 - 6 sur 6
  • PublicationRestreint
    Direct detection of lactococcal bacteriophages in cheese whey using DNA probes
    (ScienceDirect, 1992-04-01) Moineau, Sylvain; Pandian, Sithian; Fortier, Josée
    We have designed a new method for the rapid detection of lactococcal phage directly in milk samples. The method was based on a dot blot analysis and did not require a biological assay with sensitive indicator strains. Culture media or whey permeate samples containing phage were spotted directly onto a nylon membrane and the phage were lysed in situ prior to hybridization. For skim milk, whole milk and whey samples, the samples were first treated with 50 mM EDTA, 20% Triton X-100 and heated at 60°C for 5 min, prior to spotting on the membrane. The detection limit was approximately between 105 and 107 pfu/spot. A large number of samples could be processed simultaneously and the results were obtained within 24 h.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Restriction/modification systems and restriction endonucleases are more effective on lactococcal bacteriophages that have emerged recently in the dairy industry
    (American Society for Microbiology, 1993-01-01) Moineau, Sylvain; Pandian, Sithian; Klaenhammer, Todd R.
    Recently, eight lytic small isometric-headed bacteriophages were isolated from cheese-manufacturing plants throughout North America. The eight phages were different, but all propagated on one strain, Lactococcus lactis NCK203. On the basis of DNA homology, they were classified in the P335 species. Digestion of their genomes in vitro with restriction enzymes resulted in an unusually high number of type II endonuclease sites compared with the more common lytic phages of the 936 (small isometric-headed) and c2 (prolate-headed) species. In vivo, the P335 phages were more sensitive to four distinct lactococcal restriction and modification (R/M) systems than phages belonging to the 936 and c2 species. A significant correlation was found between the number of restriction sites for endonucleases (purified from other bacterial genera) and the relative susceptibility of phages to lactococcal R/M systems. Comparisons among these three phage species indicate that the P335 species may have emerged most recently in the dairy industry.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Characterization of lactococcal bacteriophages from Quebec cheese plants
    (National Research Council, 1992-09-01) Moineau, Sylvain; Pandian, Sithian; Ackermann, Hans-W.; Fortier, Josée
    This is the first study on the characterization of lactococcal phages isolated in Canada. Thirty lactococcal phages were isolated from Quebec cheese plants reporting partial loss of starter activity. Phages were characterized by electron microscopy, DNA homology, protein profile, and host range. All phages belonged to the Siphoviridae family. Seventeen phages (57%) has prolate heads (60 × 40 nm) and 100 nm long, noncontractile tails (morphotype B2, species c2). They showed strong DNA homology with other prolate-headed phages isolated from other countries (Australia, United States). In addition to normal prolate phages, most lysates contained pairs of empty heads (no DNA) connected by a small bridge. Thirteen phages (43%) had small isometric heads (55 nm in diameter) and long, noncontractile tails (morphotype B1). Based on DNA homology, 11 of these phages were found related to phage species 936 despite differences in tail length (140 to 200 nm). The two other small isometric phages, UL36 and UL39, hybridized with phage P335 DNA, and therefore belong to this species. No DNA homology was observed between prolate and small isometric phages. Phages with prolate heads showed a broader host range than small isometric-headed phages. The DNA of phage UL36, which has a relatively narrow host range, has more restriction endonuclease sites than other lactococcal bacteriophages.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Evolution of a lytic bacteriophage via DNA acquisition from the lactococcus lactis chromosome
    (American Society for Microbiology, 1994-06-01) Moineau, Sylvain; Pandian, Sithian; Klaenhammer, Todd R.
    We discovered a phage-host interaction in which the lytic phage ul36, in response to pressure exerted by an abortive phage resistance mechanism, acquired a large DNA fragment from the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis NCK203 to form a new phage, ul37. Phage ul37 was characterized at morphological, phenotypic, and genotypic levels and was found to be a member of the P335 species. Although it exhibits a high level of DNA homology with ul36, phage ul37 is resistant to the abortive mechanism and has a longer tail, a different base plate, and apparently a different origin of replication. The chromosomal DNA implicated in the formation of new phage ul37 was disrupted by site-specific integration in NCK203. This strategy prevented the appearance of ul37 during subsequent infections with ul36.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Production of monoclonal antibodies against the major capsid protein of the Lactococcus bacteriophage ul36 and development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for direct phage detection in whey and milk
    (American Society for Microbiology, 1993-07-01) Hébert, Jacques; Moineau, Sylvain; Jobin, Marie; Pandian, Sithian; Klaenhammer, Todd R.; Bernier, Denis
    The only major structural protein (35 kDa) of the lactococcal small isometric-headed bacteriophage ul36, a member of the P335 species, was isolated from a preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against the denatured 35-kDa protein. Six MAbs were selected and characterized. Western blots (immunoblots) showed that all MAbs recognized the 35 kDa but also a 45 kDa that is in lower concentration in the phage structure. Binding inhibition assays identified five families of MAbs that recognized nonoverlapping epitopes of the 35- and 45-kDa proteins. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that these two proteins are localized within the phage head, therefore indicating that the 35 kDa is a major capsid protein of ul36 and that the 45 kDa is a minor capsid protein. With two MAbs, a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for direct detection of lactococcal phages in whey and milk samples. Whey and milk components, however, interfered with the conduct of the assay. Partial denaturation of milk samples by heat treatment in the presence of SDS and β-mercaptoethanol removed the masking effect and increased the sensitivity of the assay by 100-fold. With the method used here, 107 PFU/ml were detected by the ELISA within 2 h without any steps to enrich or isolate bacteriophages.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Differentiation of two abortive mechanisms by using monoclonal antibodies directed toward Lactococcal bacteriophage capsid proteins
    (American Society for Microbiology, 1993-01-01) Moineau, Sylvain; Durmaz, Evelyn; Pandian, Sithian; Klaenhammer, Todd R.
    Monoclonal antibodies were used to monitor the accumulation of the major capsid protein of the lactococcal small isometric bacteriophage u136 (P335 species) over the course of a one-step growth curve. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was then used to distinguish two abortive phage resistance mechanisms, Hsp and Prf. Capsid protein production of u136 was almost totally inhibited by the Hsp-induced abortive mechanism, supporting previous data that this mechanism blocks phage DNA replication. Prf-induced abortive infection only partially (50%) inhibited capsid protein production, suggesting that this mechanism targets some other point, perhaps within transcription or translation processes. The results confirmed that Hsp and Prf act at different targets in the phage lytic cycle. Use of monoclonal antibodies also demonstrated that production of the major capsid protein is a nonlimiting step in the lytic cycle of lactococcal phage u136.