Personne : Mauriege, Pascale
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Mauriege
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Pascale
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Université Laval. Département de kinésiologie
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ncf11860389
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- PublicationRestreintWaist circumference is useless to assess the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in severely obese women(Springer, 2007-07-14) Drapeau, Vicky; Biron, Simon; Mauriege, Pascale; Tremblay, Angelo; Richard, Denis; Marceau, Picard; Lemieux, Isabelle.; Bergeron, JeanBackground : The present retrospective study aims to provide additional evidence supporting the fact that waist circumference, in severe obesity, is not a good clinical marker to identify individuals with the metabolic syndrome or an altered metabolic profile. Methods : Relationships between waist circumference and metabolic profile of pre- (n = 165) and postmenopausal (n = 43) severely obese women were compared to associations observed in pre- (n = 52) and postmenopausal (n = 35) moderately obese women. Results : Results showed that abdominal obesity assessed by waist circumference was more highly correlated with fasting glycemia, HDL-cholesterol and the cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio in moderately than in severely obese women, before menopause. After menopause, waist circumference was not a valuable predictor of metabolic abnormalities in both groups. Moreover, when waist circumference was included as a criterion of the metabolic syndrome (as defined by the NCEP ATP III guidelines) in severely obese women, the prevalence of this metabolic condition was over-estimated by 72%. Conclusion : These results emphasize the uselessness of waist circumference to assess the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome or an altered metabolic profile in severely obese women.
- PublicationRestreintPlasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 polymorphisms are associated with obesity and fat distribution in the Québec Family Study : evidence of interactions with menopause(Raven Press, 2005-01-01) Bouchard, Claude; Pérusse, Louis; Mauriege, Pascale; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Bouchard, LuigiObjective: Obesity is associated with increased plasma levels of plasminogen-activator inhibitor1 (PAI1), the major fibrinolysis inhibitor. PAI1 levels are also increased at menopause, a condition that is associated with fat mass gain, especially in the abdominal area. Design: We hypothesized that genetic variations within PAI1 gene are related to the amount of body fat and its regional distribution. We genotyped 666 subjects of the Que´bec Family Study for five PAI1 gene polymorphisms. Stratified analyses were performed with analysis of covariance in men (n = 280) and women (n = 386) separately. Results: PAI1-675 4G/5G polymorphism was strongly associated with body mass index (P # 0.01) and fat mass (P # 0.05) in women. The PAI1-675 4G/5G promoter polymorphism and the c.43G.A (p.A15T, rs6092) variant within the exon 1 were associated with abdominal visceral fat but only in postmenopausal women (P # 0.05). More specifically, homozygotes for the 2675 5G and the 43A alleles had about 50% more visceral fat compared to carriers of the 2675 4G allele as well as carriers of the 43G allele. No association was observed in men. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the PAI1 gene is associated with obesity and may modulate the changes in adipose tissue distribution generally observed at menopause.
- PublicationRestreintMetabolic profile in severely obese women is less deteriorated than expected when compared to moderately obese women(Springer, 2006-04-01) Drapeau, Vicky; Biron, Simon; Mauriege, Pascale; Tremblay, Angelo; Richard, Denis; Marceau, Picard; Lemieux, Isabelle.; Bergeron, JeanBackground: Obesity is well known to be associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic complications. Severe obesity is thus expected to have more important alterations of the metabolic profile than moderate obesity. This study aimed to compare the metabolic profile of pre- and postmenopausal severely obese women with moderately obese women. Methods: First, the metabolic profile of pre- (n=165) and postmenopausal (n=43) severely obese women (body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2) was compared to that of pre- (n=52) and postmenopausal (n=35) moderately obese women (BMI of 30-40 kg/m2). Thereafter, pre- and postmenopausal severely obese women were divided into two subgroups according to the presence/absence of a dysmetabolic profile. We used for comparison, a group of pre- and postmenopausal moderately obese women without a dysmetabolic profile. Results: The metabolic profile of pre- and postmenopausal severely obese women was less deteriorated than expected when compared to moderately obese women. Moreover, severely obese women with or without a dysmetabolic profile displayed comparable or even lower plasma levels of cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, and a lower cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio than moderately obese women (P≤0.05). After menopause, the metabolic profile of severely obese women, dysmetabolic or not, was similar to that of moderately obese women. Blood pressure was, however, higher in severely obese women compared to moderately obese women, only before menopause (P≤0.0001). Conclusion: These results indicate that despite their large accumulation of adipose tissue, most of the severely obese women had a metabolic profile less deteriorated than expected, when compared to moderately obese women.
- PublicationRestreintEffect of weight reduction on quality of life and eating behaviors in obese women(Ovid, 2007-05-01) Lemoine, Sophie; Drapeau, Vicky; Rossell, Nadia; Mauriege, Pascale; Poulain, Magali; Garnier, Sophie; Sanguignol, FrédéricObjective: To examine the impact of a 3-week weight-reducing program on body composition, physical condition, health-related quality of life, and eating behaviors of sedentary, obese (body mass index, 29-35 kg/m2) women, according to menopausal status and menopause duration (<5, >=5, and >=10 y). Design: Thirteen premenopausal and 27 postmenopausal women received a dietary plan of 1,400 ± 200 kcal/day and completed 110-minute endurance exercise 6 days per week. Body mass index, fat mass, lean mass, distance walked in the Six-Minute Walk Test, health-related quality of life estimated by the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and eating behaviors (restriction, disinhibition, and susceptibility to hunger) assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire were determined before and after weight reduction. Results: Body mass index and fat mass decreased (P < 0.0001), whereas distance walked increased in both groups after weight reduction (P < 0.001). Although the SF-36 mental component score increased after weight loss in both groups (P < 0.0001), the SF-36 physical component score increased in postmenopausal women only (P < 0.001). Restriction increased (P < 0.0001), whereas disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger decreased after weight reduction (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) in both groups. Distance walked and SF-36 physical component score after weight loss were higher in women whose menopause ranged between 5 and 9 years and exceeded 10 years, respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our study shows that a short-term weight-reducing program combining caloric restriction and physical activity has a favorable impact on women's body composition, physical condition, health-related quality of life, and eating behaviors irrespective of their menopausal status.
- PublicationRestreintFood group preferences and energy balance in moderately obese postmenopausal women subjected to brisk walking program(National Research Council Canada, 2017-03-19) Garnier, Sophie; Drapeau, Vicky; Mauriege, Pascale; Lemoine-Morel, Sophie; Tremblay, Angelo; Vallée, Karine; Blouin, Sandra; Auneau, GérardL’objectif de l’étude était d’examiner les effets d’un programme de marche de 16 semaines sur les préférences alimentaires et l’équilibre énergétique de femmes caucasiennes, d’âge 60 ± 5 ans, sédentaires, ménopausées et modérément obèses (indice de masse corporelle, 29–35 kg/m2). 156 volontaires suivaient 3 sessions/semaine de 45 min de marche à 60 % de la fréquence cardiaque de réserve. L’apport énergétique total (AET) et les préférences alimentaires (journal alimentaire de 3 jours), la dépense énergétique totale (DET, journal d’activité physique de 3 jours), la condition physique (2 km-marche), des variables anthropométriques et la composition corporelle (bioimpédancemétrie) ont été mesurés avant et après la marche. Une analyse de variance à mesures répétées (temps) a été effectuée. La légère augmentation de la DET de 151 ± 24 kcal/jour (p < 0.0001) a entraîné une réduction de poids, de masse grasse, et du tour de taille (p < 0.0001). L’AET n’a pas changé malgré une légère diminution de l’apport glucidique et une faible augmentation de l’apport protéique (p < 0.05). L’analyse des journaux alimentaires a révélé une baisse de la consommation de fruits (p < 0.05), d’aliments sucrés et gras (p < 0.01), mais une augmentation de celle d’huiles (p < 0.0001) après la marche. Les femmes ayant perdu le plus de poids réduisaient davantage leur consommation de fruits, sucre, aliments sucrés et gras (p < 0.05). Les femmes dont la réduction de masse grasse était la plus importante diminuaient davantage leur consommation d’aliments gras (p < 0.05). En conclusion, bien que notre programme de marche ait modifié la consommation de certains groupes d’aliments, la perte de poids était principalement due à une réduction de DET.