Personne : Martel, Israël
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Martel
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Israël
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Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Université Laval
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ncf11908699
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Publication Restreint Tissue engineering of skin and cornea : Development of new models for in vitro studies(Academy of Sciences, 2010-06-02) Guérin, Sylvain; Germain, Lucie; Larouche, Danielle; Bisson, Francis; Paquet, Claudie; Robitaille, Hubert; Auger, François A.; Gaudreault, Manon.; Martel, Israël; Duranceau, Louise; Proulx, Stéphanie; Carrier, Patrick; Simard-Bisson, Carolyne; Fradette, JulieHuman beings are greatly preoccupied with the unavoidable nature of aging. While the biological processes of senescence and aging are the subjects of intense investigations, the molecular mechanisms linking aging with disease and death are yet to be elucidated. Tissue engineering offers new models to study the various processes associated with aging. Using keratin 19 as a stem cell marker, our studies have revealed that stem cells are preserved in human skin reconstructed by tissue engineering and that the number of epithelial stem cells varies according to the donor's age. As with skin, human corneas can also be engineered in vitro. Among the epithelial cells used for reconstructing skin and corneas, significant age-dependent variations in the expression of the transcription factor Sp1 were observed. Culturing skin epithelial cells with a feeder layer extended their life span in culture, likely by preventing Sp1 degradation in epithelial cells, therefore demonstrating the pivotal role played by this transcription factor in cell proliferation. Finally, using the human tissue-engineered skin as a model, we linked Hsp27 activation with skin differentiation.Publication Accès libre Improved methods to produce tissue-engineered skin substitutes suitable for the permanent closure of full-thickness skin injuries(Mary Ann Liebert, 2016-11-01) Germain, Lucie; Larouche, Danielle; Auger, François A.; Martel, Israël; Cantin-Warren, Laurence; Ayoub, Akram; Gauvin, Robert; Guignard, Rina; Desgagné, Maxime; Moulin, Véronique; Lavoie, AmélieThere is a clinical need for skin substitutes to replace full-thickness skin loss. Our group has developed a bilayered skin substitute produced from the patient’s own fibroblasts and keratinocytes referred to as Self-Assembled Skin Substitute (SASS). After cell isolation and expansion, the current time required to produce SASS is 45 days. We aimed to optimize the manufacturing process to standardize the production of SASS and to reduce production time. The new approach consisted in seeding keratinocytes on a fibroblast-derived tissue sheet before its detachment from the culture plate. Four days following keratinocyte seeding, the resulting tissue was stacked on two fibroblast-derived tissue sheets and cultured at the air–liquid interface for 10 days. The resulting total production time was 31 days. An alternative method adapted to more contractile fibroblasts was also developed. It consisted in adding a peripheral frame before seeding fibroblasts in the culture plate. SASSs produced by both new methods shared similar histology, contractile behavior in vitro and in vivo evolution after grafting onto mice when compared with SASSs produced by the 45-day standard method. In conclusion, the new approach for the production of high-quality human skin substitutes should allow an earlier autologous grafting for the treatment of severely burned patients.