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Personne :
Labonté, Katherine

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Labonté

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Katherine

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Laboratoire de recherche en psychologie de la perception. Faculté des sciences sociales. École de psychologie, Université Laval.

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ncf11889159

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Voici les éléments 1 - 5 sur 5
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Étude des mécanismes impliqués dans la reprise d'une tâche dynamique interrompue
    (2019) Labonté, Katherine; Vachon, François
    Les études empiriques concernant les conséquences des interruptions de tâche et les façons de limiter ces répercussions se sont principalement intéressées aux situations statiques, dont l’état demeure inchangé pendant une interruption. Dans diverses circonstances liées au travail (p. ex., contrôle du trafic aérien) ou à la vie quotidienne (p. ex., conduite automobile), les individus peuvent toutefois être confrontés à des situations en constante évolution. Malgré la fréquence des interruptions dans de tels environnements dynamiques, la performance doit demeurer optimale, sans quoi la sécurité du public peut être menacée. Afin de faciliter l’élaboration de solutions visant à minimiser les conséquences des interruptions, il importe d’approfondir notre compréhension du processus de reprise d’une tâche évolutive, au sujet duquel les modèles théoriques actuels émettent peu de propositions. L’objectif général de la présente thèse est donc d’étudier les mécanismes impliqués dans la récupération postinterruption en contexte dynamique. À travers trois expériences, diverses mesures comportementales et oculaires sont recueillies pendant que les participants effectuent une tâche qui continue d’évoluer même lorsqu’une activité interruptive doit être gérée. Ensemble, les deux premières études révèlent que la présentation d’un avertissement annonçant l’arrivée d’une interruption accélère la reprise subséquente de la tâche primaire, sans engendrer de coûts significatifs dans d’autres aspects de la tâche. Contrairement aux contextes statiques, dans lesquels les bénéfices d’un avertissement sont attribués strictement aux processus mnésiques, les bienfaits de l’alarme en situation dynamique semblent dus non seulement à la mémoire, mais aussi à une reconstruction visuelle plus efficace et moins exigeante du contexte de la tâche primaire. En plus de la mémoire et du balayage visuel, la troisième étude s’intéresse aussi à deux fonctions potentiellement pertinentes pour la reprise d’une tâche dynamique, soit la conscience temporelle et la reconfiguration du schéma d’action. Les résultats révèlent que la mémoire et la conscience temporelle appuient surtout la récupération après de courtes interruptions, tandis que le balayage visuel et la reconfiguration du schéma d’action soutiennent le processus de reprise sans égard à la durée de l’interruption. Globalement, les résultats de la thèse permettent de complémenter les théories actuelles en définissant davantage le processus de recouvrement d’une tâche évolutive. Sur le plan appliqué, la thèse montre que les avertissements pré-interruptions représentent une solution prometteuse pour faciliter la reprise d'une tâche interrompue dans les milieux dynamiques.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Eyes have ears : indexing the orienting response to sound using pupillometry
    (Elsevier, 2017-10-07) Vachon, François; Labonté, Katherine; Marois, Alexandre; Parent, Mark
    The rare occurrence of a sound deviating from the auditory background tends to trigger attentional orienting. While some sympathetic physiological responses can be used to index this orienting response, findings surrounding the pupillary dilation response (PDR) as a proxy for the orienting response are conflicting. The current study was tailor-designed to examine whether the PDR satisfies specific criteria of an orienting response index, namely the classic habituation pattern and a sensitivity to the size of the deviation. The PDR decrement to a repeated standard sound, recovery to a deviant sound, and dishabituation to the re-presentation of the standard were assessed for small and large deviations embedded in irrelevant auditory sequences. The PDR not only showed habituation and dishabituation, but also recovered in correspondence with the magnitude of the acoustic deviation. This consistency between variations of the PDR and orienting response's properties indicates that the PDR is a valid index of the auditory orienting response.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Forewarning interruptions in dynamic settings : can prevention bolster recovery ?
    (American Psychological Association, 2019-03-21) Vachon, François; Labonté, Katherine; Tremblay, Sébastien
    In complex dynamic work environments, the consequences of task interruptions on performance can put public safety at risk. If not designed carefully, current tools aiming to facilitate interruption recovery can instead hamper performance because of information overload. Although a simpler solution—the forewarning of an imminent interruption—has proven effective in static contexts, existing theories of task interruption do not clearly predict its impact on the resumption of dynamically evolving tasks. The current study examined the effects of a preinterruption warning in dynamic settings to develop a better understanding of task resumption and supplement current theoretical accounts. In a simulation of above-water warfare, scenarios were either uninterrupted, unexpectedly interrupted, or interrupted following an auditory warning. Behavioral, oculomotor, and pupillometric data regarding decision making, information processing, and cognitive load were computed before, during, and after each interruption (or the corresponding moment). Interruption warnings triggered a cognitively demanding preinterruption preparation that, in turn, speeded up postinterruption information processing and decision making and lowered cognitive load when resuming the interrupted task. These findings help to complement current theories of interruptions while showing that preinterruption warnings represent a promising way to support interruption recovery in complex dynamic situations.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Sex effect in the temporal perception of faces expressing anger and shame
    (eScholarship, 2015-09-01) Grondin, Simon; Labonté, Katherine; Bienvenue, Philippe; Laflamme, Vincent; Roy, Mei-Li
    The aim of the present study was to investigate sex-related variations in the perception of the duration of emotional stimuli (human faces). Twenty male and 20 female participants estimated the duration of angry, ashamed and neutral faces marking 0.4 to 1.6 s intervals. Female faces were used in one session, and male faces in the other. Compared to the angry faces condition, intervals were underestimated when ashamed faces were shown. However, the intervals in neither conditions were significantly overestimated or underestimated compared to the neutral condition. Even more critical is the fact that there was an underestimation by male participants of the duration of male faces compared to female faces; and female participants overestimated the duration in the anger condition, compared with the shame condition, only when male faces were presented. Moreover, the emotional effects on the participants’ performance were correlated to inter-individual differences in empathic abilities. The findings are discussed in terms of sex differences, of social context, and of how attention is solicited and arousal generated by emotions.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Discrimination of two neighboring intra- and intermodal empty time intervals marked by three successive stimuli
    (Elsevier, 2013-12-21) Grondin, Simon; Hasuo, Emi; Labonté, Katherine; Laflamme, Vincent; Kuroda, Tsuyoshi
    We investigated the discrimination of two neighboring intra- or inter-modal empty time intervals marked by three successive stimuli. Each of the three markers was a flash (visual—V) or a sound (auditory—A). The first and last markers were of the same modality, while the second one was either A or V, resulting in four conditions: VVV, VAV, AVA and AAA. Participants judged whether the second interval, whose duration was systematically varied, was shorter or longer than the 500-ms first interval. Compared with VVV and AAA, discrimination was impaired with VAV, but not so much with AVA (in Experiment 1). Whereas VAV and AVA consisted of the same set of single intermodal intervals (VA and AV), discrimination was impaired in the VAV compared to the AVA condition. This difference between VAV and AVA could not be attributed to the participants' strategy to perform the discrimination task, e.g., ignoring the standard interval or replacing the visual stimuli with sounds in their mind (in Experiment 2). These results are discussed in terms of sequential grouping according to sensory similarity.