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Personne :
Pellerin, Stéphanie

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Pellerin

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Stéphanie

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Université Laval. Département d'aménagement

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ncf10616300

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Voici les éléments 1 - 3 sur 3
  • PublicationAccès libre
    La flore des tourbières de l’île d’Anticosti lorsque soustraite au broutement par le cerf de Virginie
    (2017-06-21) Poulin, Monique; Bachand, Marianne; Pellerin, Stéphanie; Côté, Steeve D.; Courchesne, Milène
    Depuis son introduction, il y a plus d’une centaine d’années, le cerf de Virginie (Odocoileus virginianus Zimm.) a fortement perturbé la flore de l’île d’Anticosti. Les communautés forestières sont sans contredit celles qui ont été les plus affectées. Toutefois, le cerf exploite et perturbe aussi d’autres écosystèmes, comme les tourbières. Dans ce contexte, nous voulions savoir quelle serait la diversité végétale des tourbières à la suite du retrait du cerf. Pour ce faire, 53 exclos ont été mis en place en 2007 et suivis pendant 8 ans. Au total, 125 espèces végétales ont été identifiées dans l’ensemble des exclos en 2007 et 151 espèces après 8 ans d’exclusion du cerf, ce qui représente une hausse de 21 %. Le nombre d’espèces indicatrices, c’est-à-dire celles caractéristiques d’un habitat donné, a également augmenté, passant de 33 à 48, la hausse étant particulièrement importante dans les laggs (écotones entre la forêt et la tourbière). Le recouvrement des espèces préférées par le cerf a grandement augmenté, notamment celui du bouleau nain (Betula pumila L.) et de la sanguisorbe du Canada (Sanguisorba canadensis L.) (respectivement 2 et 8 fois). Au final, les tourbières de l’île d’Anticosti possèdent un potentiel de diversité végétale plus élevé qui peut s’exprimer avec l’arrêt du broutement par le cerf de Virginie.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Compositional and functional trajectories of herbaceous communities after deer density control in clear-cut boreal forests
    (Conseil national de recherches du Canada, 2015-02-17) Tremblay, Jean-Pierre; Poulin, Monique; Bachand, Marianne; Pellerin, Stéphanie; Côté, Steeve D.
    Overabundant populations of large herbivores have strong persistent effects on forest composition, structure, and function. However, the mechanism through which plant communities recover their original composition and function after herbivore management remains poorly understood. We assessed the temporal trajectories of the herbaceous communities in Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss stands on Anticosti Island (Quebec, Canada) over 8 years following clear-cutting and deer management. The impact of deer exclusion or reduction to 7.5 and 15 deer·km–2 was compared with benchmark in situ deer densities (27 and 56 deer·km–2). Effects of deer management treatments on plant species and functional trait assemblages over time were assessed using principal response curves. Although complete deer exclusion seemed necessary to modify species composition from that occurring under intense browsing, a reduced density of 7.5 deer·km–2 was sufficient to induce significant changes in functional trait assemblages of regenerating stands. For instance, reduced deer densities favored plants with brightly colored flowers and compound inflorescences pollinated by animals and producing large seeds and fleshy fruits dispersed by animals. We conclude that the boreal forest's herbaceous communities are resilient to chronic browsing when deer population reduction and forest clearcutting are applied in synergy.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Species indicators of ecosystem recovery after reducing large herbivore density : comparing taxa and testing species combinations
    (Elsevier Science Ireland, 2014-03-01) Brousseau, Pierre-Marc; Cloutier, Conrad; Poulin, Monique; Moretti, Marco; Cardinal, Étienne; De Cáceres, Miquel; Bachand, Marianne; Pellerin, Stéphanie; Côté, Steeve D.; Hébert, Christian; Martin, Jean-Louis
    Indicator species have been used successfully for estimating ecosystem integrity, but comparative studies for defining optimal taxonomic group remain scarce. Furthermore, species combinations may constitute more integrative tools than single species indicators, but case studies are needed to test their efficiency. We used Indicator Species Analysis, which statistically determines the association of species to one or several groups of sites, to obtain indicators of ecosystem recovery after various deer density reductions. We used five taxonomic groups: plants, carabid beetles, bees, moths and songbirds. To test whether species combinations could complement single indicator species, we used plants as a model taxon and examined the indicator value of joint occurrence of two or three plant species. Our study relies on experimental controlled browsing enclosures established for six years on Anticosti Island (Quebec). Four levels of deer density (0, 7.5 and 15 deer km-2 and natural densities between 27 and 56 deer km-2) were studied in two vegetation cover types (uncut forests and cut-over areas), in a full factorial design for a total of eight experimental treatments. For all taxa but bees, we tested 54 treatment groups consisting in one specific density or in a sequence of two or more consecutive deer densities in one or both cover types (ten groups for bees, sampled only in cut-over areas). We found 12 plants, 11 moths and one songbird to be single species indicators of ecosystem conditions obtained under 12 different treatment groups. Six treatment groups were indicated by plants and six different ones by moths, of which one group was also identified by a songbird species. Moths were thus worth the extra sampling effort, especially since the groups they indicated were more treatment-specific (mainly one or two deer density treatments). We tested the same 54 treatment groups for plant species combinations represented by two or three co-occurring species. Plant combinations efficiently complemented plant singletons for detecting ecosystem conditions obtained under various deer densities. In fact, although singletons were highly predictive, 17 additional treatment groups were identified exclusively with two- and three-species combinations, some being more treatment-specific. Our findings show that plants and moths provide complementary indicators of ecosystem conditions under various deer densities, and that computing species combinations increases our capacity to monitor ecosystem recovery after reducing herbivore densities.