Personne : Grenon, Martin
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Grenon
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Martin
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Université Laval. Département de génie des mines, de la métallurgie et des matériaux
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ncf10580926
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- PublicationAccès librePractical considerations in establishing the statistical reliability of geomechanical data(Chapman & Hall, 2019-07-17) Fillion, Marie-Hélène; Hadjigeorgiou, John; Grenon, Martin; Caumartin, RichardIn an underground mining operation, the design of safe excavations can be influenced by the quality and quantity of collected geomechanical data. Data collection is the first step in mine design, and a sufficient level of confidence in the input data should be reached depending on the project stage and the design requirements (e.g. temporary and non-entry vs. permanent and entry excavations). This paper compares two statistical analysis methods for quantifying the level of confidence in the intact rock properties obtained through a series of laboratory tests. The laboratory testing database of an underground hard rock mine was used to highlight the variations in the two methods. The impact of the two methods, from an engineering perspective, was illustrated with an example using the Kirsch analytical solution. This investigation demonstrated that the selection of the appropriate analysis method should be guided by the project requirements.
- PublicationAccès libreDeterministic and probabilistic stability analysis of a mining rock slope in the vicinity of a major public road : case study of the LAB Chrysotile mine in Canada(National Research Council Canada, 2018-01-18) Amoushahi, Sina; Grenon, Martin; Locat, Jacques; Turmel, DominiqueIn recent years, several large open-pit mines have started operating in the province of Quebec in Canada, and some of the largest planned pits are located close to public infrastructure. Historically, large open-pit mining has seldom been done in many mining regions, such as the Abitibi region, where underground mines are the norm. As an integral part of achieving social acceptability of open-pit mining, the stability of mining slopes must be carefully analyzed during the design process and the presence of public infrastructure near the slopes must be adequately considered. The province of Quebec does not have specific guidelines regarding such design considerations. This paper provides a short overview of the literature on some current practices regarding mining slope design close to public infrastructure. To demonstrate its applicability in the Quebec provincial context, the paper then investigates the stability of the west wall of the LAB Chrysotile open-pit mine in Thetford Mines (Quebec) near the new Road 112. Deterministic and probabilistic analyses were conducted using finite element shear strength reduction and limit equilibrium methods to investigate slope stability. The impact of pit infilling and rapid dewatering as well as long-term stability of the slope were investigated. The results of all analyses reveal that the current mining slopes at LAB Chrysotile are within acceptable design criteria limits.
- PublicationAccès libreNumerical evaluation of grouting scenarios for reducing water inflows in underground excavations – Goldcorp’s Éléonore mine study case(2017-10-02) Blessent, Daniela; Therrien, René; Grenon, Martin; Lemieux, Jean-Michel; Lajoie, Pierre-Luc; Domingue, Catherine; Molson, John W. H.Water inflows through fracture networks are one of the many challenges that the Éléonore mine has to face. Although pregrouting of pilot holes during mine development has been proven to efficiently reduce water inflows into mine excavations, the actual design methods are empirical and can be optimized to increase grouting efficiency and decrease the associated costs. Optimization of the amount of cement needed for pre-grouting is achieved by designing the grouting approach based on the location of major faults around the excavations. Here, a base case finite-element numerical model and associated sensitivity analyses are used to simulate groundwater inflows into a stope, based on the Éléonore mining site characteristics. Simulations are conducted for testing various grout injection scenarios for various major fault locations around the stope. Sensitivity analyses have shown that for a fault located above the stope, the inflow reduction is greater when the zone between the fault and the stope is grouted instead of directly grouting the fault itself. Also, in the case of a fault intersecting a stope, the results have demonstrated that the fault itself should be grouted as widely as possible, instead of sealing only the immediate surroundings of the stope.
- PublicationRestreintCaractérisation structurale à l’aide de la photogrammétrie : mine Kikialik, Nunavik, Québec(Transportation Association of Canada = Association des tranports du Canada, 2012-10-01) Grenon, Martin; Dubois, EricDigital photogrammetry was used to quantify the structural regime at Kikialik underground mine – Xstrata Nickel. This operation is located in the arctic region of Canada – where permafrost reaches 500 meters. The objective of this paper was to demonstrate that photogrammetry can be used routinely at this mining site to conduct structural mapping under difficult operational and climatic conditions. Photogrammetry can be well integrated to the geomechanical design workflow used at the mine. Simple practical field considerations are also provided
- PublicationRestreintAssessing rock mass structural conditions in underground mining drifts using an integrated photogrammetry-DFN approach(2014-10-01) Grenon, Martin; Landry, Alex; Lajoie, Pierre-LucThis paper presents a case study in which photogrammetry was used to characterize the structural regime of a fractured rock mass at a hard-rock underground mine in development in northern Canada. The effectiveness of the photogrammetry tools used in an underground environment is discussed. The operational benefits from using such an approach at this site are also presented. The ability of photogrammetry to provide all the necessary inputs for DFN modelling is then addressed. Based on the photogrammetry results, DFN models are created and calibrated for several drifts at the mine site. For standard drift dimensions used at the mining site, possible wedge formation is evaluated. The geometrical characteristics of fracture networks intersecting the drift are also discussed. This integrated approach provides a robust and very effective means to assess structural conditions at this underground mine.
- PublicationRestreintStatistical assessment of intact rock properties for two underground mining projects at Raglan Mine, Quebec, Canada(Taylor & Francis, 2020-04-30) Boudreau, Catherine; Grenon, Martin; Caumartin, Richard; Bruneau, Geneviève.The design of underground mining excavations relies on geotechnical characterization of intact rock through laboratory testing. As mining project development progresses through prefeasibility to production stages, the reliability of estimates of rock mechanics properties needs to increase. However, it is challenging to determine the number of tests needed to adequately estimate intact rock properties at different development stages. This paper looks at the early stages of an underground mining project in the Canadian Arctic where two field and laboratory testing campaigns were conducted to evaluate intact rock tensile and uniaxial compressive strength. Results were statistically compared to target confidence levels associated with different stages of a mining project. The study provides insights for planning future field and laboratory testing campaigns. The methodology also provides a quantitative means to assess whether additional laboratory testing is needed to improve tensile and uniaxial compressive strength estimates.
- PublicationRestreintContributions to geomechanical stope optimization at the Goldcorp Eleonore Mine using statistical analysis.(International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2018-10-01) Guido, Sébastien; Grenon, MartinStope performance is critical and is therefore usually assessed in mine operations. However, the factors controlling stope performance (such as overbreak) are not always fully understood. This was the case at the Goldcorp Eleonore operation, a relatively new mine located in a new mining area hundreds of kilometers from other existing operations. Still, stope design guidelines had to be elaborated to mitigate hanging wall overbreak and sustain a high mining rate from narrow vein stopes (as many as four per week) at acceptable costs. This paper presents a database of 105 stopes, mined between July 2014 and November 2016, which collated more than 50 parameters defining spatial, geometrical, geomechanical, geological and stope performance aspects. The points in this database were superimposed on the existing Stability Graph with ELOS curves (Clark, 1998) to assess its accuracy at Eleonore. This accuracy was shown to be limited and improvements were needed for forward analyses to be reliable. Improved predictions were obtained using various statistical analysis techniques such as multiple linear regressions (MLR), binary logistic regressions and principal component logistic regressions (PCLR) with parameters other than those used in the standard method. These statistical techniques and their results are presented in this paper and compared with those from the existing stability graph.
- PublicationRestreintÉtude des critères de fiabilité des bancs miniers : le cas de la fosse Tiriganiaq au Nunavut(Canadian Institute of Mining Metallurgy and Petroleum, 2012-01-18) Hadjigeorgiou, John; Matte, Pierre; Grenon, Martin; Kabuya Mukendi, Joseph; Brunet, Francis; LeBlanc, Daniel B.Bench stability in mines is an important element of pit design. There is no consensus on which criteria to use to evaluate the bench design reliability. When designing the pits, bench design reliability is analyzed according to one or two criteria. The objective of this paper is to analyze the bench design for the Tiriganiaq pit, part of the Meliadine mine project, with regards to the reliability criteria found in the literature and in practice. The paper presents the similarities and the differences between the results obtained according to the various criteria and it proposes a systematic multicriteria approach to evaluate pit bench design reliability using susceptibility maps.
- PublicationAccès libreAnalysis of a large rock slope failure on the east wall of the LAB chrysotile mine in Canada : LiDAR monitoring and displacement analysis(2017-04-01) Caudal, Philippe; Grenon, Martin; Locat, Jacques; Turmel, DominiqueA major mining slope failure occurred in July 2012 on the East wall of the LAB Chrysotile mine in Canada. The major consequence of this failure was the loss of the local highway (Road 112), the main economic link between the region and the Northeast USA. This paper is part of a proposed integrated remote sensing–numerical modelling methodology to analyze mining rock slope stability. This paper presents the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) monitoring of this slope failure. The main focus is the investigation of that rock slide using both terrestrial (TLS) and airborne (ALS) LiDAR scanning. Since 2010, four ALS and 14 TLS were performed to characterize and monitor the slide. First, laser scanning was used to investigate the geometry of the slide. The failure zone was 1100 m by 250 m in size with a mobilized volume of 25 hm3. Laser scanning was then used to investigate the rock slide’s 3D displacement, thereby enabling a better understanding of the sliding kinematics. The results clearly demonstrate the ability of the proposed approach to monitor and quantify large-scale rock mass failure. The slope was monitored for a period of 5 years, and the total displacement was measured at every survey. The maximum cumulative total displacement reached was 145 m. This paper clearly shows the ability of LiDAR scanning to provide valuable quantitative information on large rock mass failures involving very large displacements.
- PublicationAccès libreSlope orientation assessment for open-pit mines, using GIS-based algorithms(Computer Oriented Geological Society, 2010-12-20) Laflamme, Amélie-Julie; Grenon, MartinStandard stability analysis in geomechanical rock slope engineering for open-pit mines relies on a simplified representation of slope geometry, which does not take full advantage of available topographical data in the early design stages of a mining project; consequently, this may lead to nonoptimal slope design. The primary objective of this paper is to present a methodology that allows for the rigorous determination of interramp and bench face slope orientations on a digital elevation model (DEM) of a designed open pit. Common GIS slope algorithms were tested to assess slope orientations on the DEM of the Meadowbank mining project's Portage pit. Planar regression algorithms based on principal component analysis provided the best results at both the interramp and the bench face levels. The optimal sampling window for interramp was 21×21 cells, while a 9×9-cell window was best at the bench level. Subsequent slope stability analysis relying on those assessed slope orientations would provide a more realistic geometry for potential slope instabilities in the design pit. The presented methodology is flexible, and can be adapted depending on a given mine's block sizes and pit geometry.