Personne : Grondin, Simon
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Grondin
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Simon
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Université Laval. École de psychologie
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Publication Accès libre La psychologie au quotidien 2(Presses de l'Université Laval, 2015) Grondin, Simon; Grondin, SimonPeut-on vraiment maîtriser son poids ? Peut-on guérir d’un choc post-traumatique ? Qu’est-ce qu’une personnalité normale et une personnalité pathologique ? Les rêves sont-ils liés à la personnalité ? Comment peut-on reconnaître les symptômes dépressifs ? Quels sont les facteurs de risque et les facteurs de protection de la maladie d’Alzheimer ? Comment intervient le facteur religieux dans le fonctionnement social et les contacts interpersonnels ? Quels sont les dérapages les plus fréquents liés à l’utilisation de Facebook ? Où peut-on aller chercher de l’aide psychologique ? C’est à ce genre de questions que ce livre permet de répondre. Cet ouvrage définit quelques types de troubles psychologiques afin d’aider le lecteur à les repérer au quotidien. Il donne aussi des pistes de solutions concrètes pour aider à composer avec ces troubles et pour évaluer si une aide psychologique extérieure est nécessaire.Publication Restreint From physical time to the first and second moments of psychological time(PsycARTICLES, 2001-01-01) Grondin, SimonAfter examination of the status of time in experimental psychology and a review of related major texts, 2 opposite approaches are presented in which time is either unified or fragmented. Unified time perception views, usually guided by Weber's law, are embodied in various models. After a brief review of old models and a description of the major contemporary models of time perception, views on fragmented time perception are presented as challenges for any unified time view. Fragmentation of psychological time emerges from (a) disruptions of the Weber function, which are caused by the types of interval presentation, by extensive practice, and by counting explicitly or not; and (b) modulations of time sensitivity and perceived duration by attention and interval structures. Weber's law is a useful guide for studying psychological time, but it is also reasonable to assume that more than one so-called central timekeeper could contribute to perceiving time.Publication Restreint Do not count too slowly : evidence for a temporal limitation in short-term memory(Springer Science & Business Media B.V., 2014-10-08) Grondin, Simon; Laflamme, Vincent; Mioni, GiovannaSome data in the time perception literature have indicated that Weber’s law for time does not hold: The Weber fraction gets higher with longer intervals. It is posited that this increase may reflect a fundamental information-processing limitation. If that is true, counting at a pace at which the intervals between counts remain within this capacity limitation should be more accurate than counting with intervals exceeding this capacity. In a task in which participants had to count up to a target number for a series of trials, the variability of the durations covered for reaching the target was higher when the intercount interval lasted 1,600 ms than when it lasted 800 ms. This finding provides evidence pointing toward the existence of a fundamental temporal limitation for processing information efficiently.Publication Restreint Timing and time perception : a review of recent behavioral and neuroscience findings and theoretical directions(Springer Science & Business Media B.V., 2009-11-08) Grondin, SimonThe aim of the present review article is to guide the reader through portions of the human time perception, or temporal processing, literature. After distinguishing the main contemporary issues related to time perception, the article focuses on the main findings and explanations that are available in the literature on explicit judgments about temporal intervals. The review emphasizes studies that are concerned with the processing of intervals lasting a few milliseconds to several seconds and covers studies issuing from either a behavioral or a neuroscience approach. It also discusses the question of whether there is an internal clock (pacemaker counter or oscillator device) that is dedicated to temporal processing and reports the main hypotheses regarding the involvement of biological structures in time perception.Publication Restreint Stevens’s law for time : a direct comparison of prospective and retrospective judgments.(Springer, 2015-04-23) Grondin, Simon; Laflamme, VincentParticipants are aware that they have to perform a temporal task in a prospective timing condition but not in a retrospective timing condition. In the present study, a direct comparison of temporal estimates under each paradigm is proposed via a strategy where each participant is restricted to only 1 response. Participants were assigned to either a prospective or retrospective testing condition and asked to reproduce and then estimate verbally 1 of 6 intervals lasting .5 to 16 s. The analyses based on Stevens’s power law were restricted to intervals lasting 2 to 16 s. With a verbal estimate method, the results indicate that the exponent is higher in retrospective than in prospective conditions (1.20 vs. 1.10 for females and 1.31 vs. 1.02 for males, respectively). For the interval reproduction task, the exponent based on Eisler’s (1975) model was slightly higher for males (1.13) than for females (1.08) in prospective timing, but slightly higher for females (1.10) than for males (1.04) in retrospective timing. The results based on inferential statistics and the 6 intervals reveal that, with the verbal estimate method, females make significantly larger relative verbal estimates than males and, at 16 s, intervals were judged as longer in the retrospective than in the prospective condition; with the reproduction method, the perceived duration is about the same in each paradigm and there is no significant sex effect. Overall, the data do not confirm that temporal intervals are perceived as longer in the prospective than in the retrospective conditions.Publication Accès libre Validation française de l’Échelle de la personnalité temporelle(Nec Plus / Université Paris Descartes 2015, 2015-10-02) Grondin, Simon; Bisson, Nicolas; Francis-Smythe, JanCertains auteurs ont développé un intérêt pour la compréhension des aptitudes associées à la gestion du temps. Ainsi, plusieurs définitions théoriques ont été proposées afin de mieux cerner ce concept et une multitude de questionnaires a été développée afin de le mesurer. La présente étude visait à valider la traduction française d’un de ces outils, soit le Time Personality Indicator (TPI). Des analyses exploratoires et confirmatoires ont été effectuées sur l’ensemble des données recueillies auprès de 1 267 étudiants et employés de l’Université Laval ayant complété la version française du TPI ainsi que d’autres mesures de la personnalité. Les résultats ont révélé qu’une solution à huit facteurs permet de mieux décrire les données de l’échantillon. La discussion présente les raisons pour lesquelles la version française du TPI est valide, identifie certaines limites de la présente étude et souligne l’utilité de cet outil pour la recherche sur la gestion du temps.Publication Restreint About the time-shrinking illusion in the tactile modality(Elsevier, 2013-07-25) Grondin, Simon; Hasuo, Emi; Kuroda, TsuyoshiThe aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of a so-called time-shrinking illusion in the tactile modality, while it had been tested so far mainly with auditory and visual stimuli. We examined whether the perception of an empty time interval marked by two brief tactile stimuli, S (240 ms), would be influenced by the presence of a preceding time interval, P (160, 240, or 320 ms). Results showed that S was underestimated when P was shorter than S. This underestimation appeared as a kind of perceptual assimilation between P and S, but S was not overestimated when P was longer. The underestimation was rather interpreted as a manifestation of the time-shrinking illusion.Publication Restreint The occurrence of the filled duration illusion: A comparison of the method of adjustment with the method of magnitude estimation(Elsevier, 2013-11-05) Grondin, Simon; Nakajima, Yoshitaka; Hasuo, Emi; Tomimatsu, Erika; Ueda, KazuoA time interval between the onset and the offset of a continuous sound (filled interval) is often perceived to be longer than a time interval between two successive brief sounds (empty interval) of the same physical duration. The present study examined whether and how this phenomenon, sometimes called the filled duration illusion (FDI), occurs for short time intervals (40-520 ms). The investigation was conducted with the method of adjustment (Experiment 1) and the method of magnitude estimation (Experiment 2). When the method of adjustment was used, the FDI did not appear for the majority of the participants, but it appeared clearly for some participants. In the latter case, the amount of the FDI increased as the interval duration lengthened. The FDI was more likely to occur with magnitude estimation than with the method of adjustment. The participants who showed clear FDI with one method did not necessarily show such clear FDI with the other method.Publication Accès libre Trimestre de naissance et participation au hockey et au volleyball(Université de Trois-Rivières, 1984-08-01) Grondin, Simon; Deshaies, Paul; Nault, Louis-PhilippeLa maturation de l'enfant et de l'adolescent aux plans biologique, moteur, intellectuel, psychologique et social est un processus continu. Le passage de quelques mois peut être suivi de changements importants à différents niveaux. De ce fait, le présent système des catégories d'âge selon une date fixe d'entrée en vigueur pour chaque catégorie dans le sport amateur au Québec peut entraîner une discrimination entre les jeunes participants. La présente étude avant pour but d'examiner s'il y a, en hockey et en volleyball au Québec, une surreprésentation des joueurs nés au premier trimestre et une sousreprésentation des joueurs du quatrième trimestre dans diverses catégories comparativement à la répartition des naissances dans la population . Menée auprès de 3,826 joueurs de hockey et de 1,391 joueurs de volleyball, l'étude a révélé qu'en hockey, la répartition du nombre de joueurs par trimestre est différente de la répartition des naissances dans la population. On ne retrouve généralement pas ces écarts au volleyball. Cependant, il existe des façons d'équilibrer les chances de participer des jeunes sportifs, et ce, même en se servant d'un système de catégories basé sur l'âge chronologique: le présent article suggère des solutions dans ce sens.Publication Accès libre Prior task experience affects temporal prediction and estimation(Frontiers, 2015-07-06) Tobin, Simon; Grondin, SimonIt has been shown that prior experience with a task improves temporal prediction, even when the amount of prior experience with the task is often limited. The present study targeted the role of extensive training on temporal prediction. Expert and intermediate runners had to predict the time of a 5 km running competition. Furthermore, after the race's completion, participants had to estimate their running time so that it could be compared with the predicted time. Results show that expert runners were more accurate than intermediate runners for both predicting and estimating their running time. Furthermore, only expert runners had an estimation that was more accurate than their initial prediction. The results confirm the role of prior task experience in both temporal prediction and estimation. -- KEYWORDS : estimation; expert performance; prediction; running; task experience; timing and time perception
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