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Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte

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Allam-Ndoul

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Bénédicte

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Université Laval. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels

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ncf11906523

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Voici les éléments 1 - 7 sur 7
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Associations between dietary protein sources, plasma BCAA and short-chain acylcarnitine levels in adults
    (M D P I AG, 2019-01-15) Guénard, Frédéric; Garneau, Véronique; Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Pérusse, Louis; Lemieux, Simone; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Rousseau, Michèle
    Elevated plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and C3 and C5 acylcarnitines (AC) levels observed in individuals with insulin resistance (IR) might be influenced by dietary protein intakes. This study explores the associations between dietary protein sources, plasma BCAA levels and C3 and C5 ACs in normal weight (NW) or overweight (OW) individuals with or without metabolic syndrome (MS). Data from 199 men and women aged 18–55 years with complete metabolite profile were analyzed. Associations between metabolic parameters, protein sources, plasma BCAA and AC levels were tested. OW/MS+ consumed significantly more animal protein (p = 0.0388) and had higher plasma BCAA levels (p < 0.0001) than OW/MS− or NW/MS− individuals. Plasma BCAA levels were not associated with BCAA intakes in the whole cohort, while there was a trend for an association between plasma BCAA levels and red meat or with animal protein in OW/MS+. These associations were of weak magnitude. In NW/MS− individuals, the protein sources associated with BCAA levels varied greatly with adjustment for confounders. Plasma C3 and C5 ACs were associated with plasma BCAA levels in the whole cohort (p < 0.0001) and in subgroups based on OW and MS status. These results suggest a modest association of meat or animal protein intakes and an association of C3 and C5 ACs with plasma BCAA levels, obesity and MS.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Association between metabolite profiles, metabolic syndrome and obesity status
    (MDPI, 2016-05-27) Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Guénard, Frédéric; Cormier, Hubert; Garneau, Véronique; Pérusse, Louis; Barbier, Olivier; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Underlying mechanisms associated with the development of abnormal metabolic phenotypes among obese individuals are not yet clear. Our aim is to investigate differences in plasma metabolomics profiles between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (Ov/Ob) individuals, with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling was used to compare metabolite levels between each group. Three main principal components factors explaining a maximum of variance were retained. Factor 1’s (long chain glycerophospholipids) metabolite profile score was higher among Ov/Ob with MetS than among Ov/Ob and NW participants without MetS. This factor was positively correlated to plasma total cholesterol (total-C) and triglyceride levels in the three groups, to high density lipoprotein -cholesterol (HDL-C) among participants without MetS. Factor 2 (amino acids and short to long chain acylcarnitine) was positively correlated to HDL-C and negatively correlated with insulin levels among NW participants. Factor 3’s (medium chain acylcarnitines) metabolite profile scores were higher among NW participants than among Ov/Ob with or without MetS. Factor 3 was negatively associated with glucose levels among the Ov/Ob with MetS. Factor 1 seems to be associated with a deteriorated metabolic profile that corresponds to obesity, whereas Factors 2 and 3 seem to be rather associated with a healthy metabolic profile.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Circulating glutamate level as a potential biomarker for abdominal obesity and metabolic risk
    (Springer, 2019-08-31) Maltais-Payette, Ina; Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Pérusse, Louis; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Tchernof, André
    Background and aim: Circulating level of glutamate, a by-product of the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids, has been positively correlated with visceral adipose tissue accumulation and waist circumference (WC). The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of using glutamate level to identify individuals with abdominal obesity and a high cardiometabolic risk. Methods and results: The study sample included 99 men and 99 women. Fasting serum glutamate was measured using the Biocrates p180 kit. Anthropometric and metabolic variables were used to identify individuals with abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 95 cm in both sexes), the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) phenotype and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Mean (±SD) age was 34.1 ± 10.1 years, mean BMI was 29.0 ± 6.2 kg/m2 and mean WC was 92.7 ± 16.5 cm. Glutamate was strongly correlated with WC (r = 0.66 for men; r = 0.76 for women, both p < 0.0001) and multiple markers of metabolic dysfunction, particularly fasting triglyceride level (r = 0.59 for men; r = 0.57 for women, both p < 0.0001), HDL-cholesterol level (r = -0.45, p < 0.0001 in both sexes) and the HOMA-IR index (r = 0.65 for men; r = 0.60 for women, both p < 0.0001). Logistic regressions showed that glutamate had an excellent accuracy to identify individuals with abdominal obesity (ROC_AUC: 0.90 for both sexes), a good accuracy to identify those with the HTW phenotype (ROC_AUC: 0.82 for men; 0.85 for women) and fair-to-good accuracy for the MetS (ROC_AUC: 0.78 for men; 0.89 for women). Conclusion: Glutamate level may represent an interesting potential biomarker of abdominal obesity and metabolic risk.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Effect of n-3 fatty acids on the expression of inflammatory genes in THP-1 macrophages
    (BioMed Central, 2016-04-05) Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Guénard, Frédéric; Barbier, Olivier; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Background: Uncontrolled inflammation participates in the development of inflammatory diseases. Beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids belonging to the n-3 family such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on inflammation have been reported. The present study investigates the basal effects of EPA, DHA and a mixture EPA + DHA on the expression of 10 genes (AKT1, MAPK, NFKB, TNFA, IL1Β, MCP1, ALOX5, PTGS2, MGST1and NOS2) related to inflammation in unstimulated cultured THP1 macrophages. Cells were incubated for 24 h with n-3 PUFAs (50 μM and 10 μM EPA, DHA, EPA + DHA). Expression levels of inflammatory genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. Results: 50 μM, 10 μM EPA and 50 μM EPA + DHA decreased the expression of genes involved in the NF-κB pathway (MAPK, AKT1, and NFKB). Treatment with 50 μM, 10 μM EPA, 50 μM DHA and EPA + DHA decreased expression levels of cytokines genes IL1Β and MCP1. TNFA expression was decreased by 50 μM, 10 μM of EPA, DHA and with 50 μM EPA + DHA. Two genes involved in the fatty acid metabolism (PTGS2 and ALOX5) were also modulated by the n-3 FAs. 50 μM of DHA and EPA + DHA inhibited PTGS2 expression when the two concentrations of EPA, 50 μM DHA and EPA + DHA inhibited ALOX5 expression. Finally, the effects of n-3 FAs were studied among genes involved in the oxidative stress. 50 μM of each fatty acid increased MGST1 expression. Both concentration of EPA and 50 μM DHA decreased NOS2 expression. Conclusion: EPA seems to be more effective than DHA and EPA + DHA in modulating expression levels of selected inflammatory genes. The concentration of 50 μM was globally more effective than 10 μM.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Études "omiques" du phénomène inflammatoire associé à l'obésité
    (2017) Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Barbier, Olivier; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Le syndrome métabolique (SMet) est un ensemble de perturbations métaboliques pouvant entrainer le développement de maladies inflammatoires telles que les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) ou le diabète de type 2 (DT2). L’un des critères de définition du SMet est la présence d’une obésité abdominale. Etant donné que l’obésité abdominale est très fréquemment associée au SMet, il est important d’approfondir les connaissances sur les mécanismes reliant ces deux conditions. L’obésité et le SMet sont accompagnés d’une inflammation chronique. L’alimentation est un moyen efficace de moduler l’état inflammatoire d’un individu. L’objectif général de ce projet de doctorat est d’étudier le phénomène inflammatoire lié à l’obésité grâce à l’utilisation de diverses méthodes « OMIQUES ». Dans le cadre de cette thèse, un échantillon d’individus comprenant 65 personnes non-obèse et sans SMet, 83 personnes obèses sans SMet ainsi que de 46 personnes obèses avec le SMet a été sélectionné. Une analyse des métabolites plasmatiques a été réalisée. Les personnes obèses, indépendamment de la présence du SMet avaient un profil en métabolites différent des individus non-obèses. La présence du SMet semblait cependant empirer le profil métabolomique des patients obèses. Par la suite, nous avons entrepris de tester les effets des acides gras n-3 sur l’inflammation. L’action anti-inflammatoire des acides gras n-3 d’origine marine, l’acide éiocsapentaénoique (AEP) et l’acide docosahexaénoique (ADH), est reconnue. La consommation de ces derniers est associée à des effets bénéfiques sur les maladies inflammatoires chroniques. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents aux effets anti-inflammatoires de ces acides gras n-3 sont encore peu connus. Nous avons donc testé l’effet de différentes doses d’EPA et de DHA, sur l’expression de gènes inflammatoires, dans des macrophages de type THP-1. Globalement les résultats suggèrent que l’EPA et le DHA modulent l’expression des gènes de l’inflammation de manière spécifique et dose dépendante.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    A study of the differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on gene expression profiles of stimulated Thp-1 macrophages
    (MDPI, 2017-01-23) Guénard, Frédéric; Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Barbier, Olivier; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Background: An appropriate intake of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) from marine sources is known to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, molecular mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects on health are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to characterize gene expression profiles of THP-1 macrophages, incubated in either EPA or DHA and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory agent. Methods: THP-1 macrophages were incubated into 10, 50 and 75 µM of EPA or DHA for 24 h, and 100 nM of LPS was added to the culture media for 18 h. Total mRNA was extracted and gene expression examined by microarray analysis using Illumina Human HT-12 expression beadchips (Illumina). Results: Pathway analysis revealed that EPA and DHA regulate genes involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, immune response and inflammation, oxidative stress and cancer pathways in a differential and dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: EPA and DHA appear to exert differential effects on gene expression in THP-1 macrophages. Specific effects of n-3 FAs on gene expression levels are also dose-dependent.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Effect of different concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids on stimulated THP-1 macrophages
    (Springer-Verlag, 2017-02-21) Guénard, Frédéric; Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Barbier, Olivier; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Background: Inflammation plays a central role in chronic diseases occurring in the contemporary society. The health benefits of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs), mostly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been reported. However, their mechanisms of action are poorly understood. We explored dose and time effects of EPA, DHA, and a mixture of EPA + DHA on the expression of inflammatory genes in stimulated macrophages. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide was used to stimulate human THP-1 macrophages. Cells were incubated in different conditions in the presence of n-3 FAs and LPS, and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes were measured by real-time PCR. Cytokine levels in culture media were measured. Results: The mixture of EPA + DHA had a more effective inhibitory effect than either DHA or EPA alone, DHA being more potent than EPA. For both EPA and DHA, 75 μM of FAs had a more important anti-inflammatory effect than 10 or 50 μM. For gene expression, EPA had the greater action during the post-incubation (after LPS treatment) condition while DHA and EPA + DHA were more potent during the co-incubation (n-3 FAs and LPS). Cytokine concentrations decreased more markedly in the co-incubation condition. Conclusions: These results suggest that in stimulated macrophages, expression levels of genes involved in inflammation are influenced by the dose, the type of n-3 FAs, and the time of incubation.