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Personne :
Desrochers, André

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Desrochers

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André

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Université Laval. Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt

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ncf10242565

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Voici les éléments 1 - 4 sur 4
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Exploring regional variation in roost selection by bats : evidence from a meta-analysis
    (Public Library of Science, 2015-09-29) Desrochers, André; Fabianek, François; Simard, Marie-Anouk
    Tree diameter, tree height and canopy closure have been described by previous meta-analyses as being important characteristics in roost selection by cavity-roosting bats. However, size and direction of effects for these characteristics varied greatly among studies, also referred to as heterogeneity. Potential sources of heterogeneity have not been investigated in previous meta-analyses, which are explored by correlating additional covariates (moderator variables). We tested whether effect sizes from 34 studies were consistent enough to reject the null hypothesis that trees selected by bats did not significantly differ in their characteristics from randomly selected trees. We also examined whether heterogeneity in tree diameter effect sizes was correlated to moderator variables such as sex, bat species, habitat type, elevation and mean summer temperature.Methods We used Hedges’ g standardized mean difference as the effect size for the most common characteristics that were encountered in the literature. We estimated heterogeneity indices, potential publication bias, and spatial autocorrelation of our meta-data. We relied upon meta-regression and multi-model inference approaches to evaluate the effects of moderator variables on heterogeneity in tree diameter effect sizes. Results Tree diameter, tree height, snag density, elevation, and canopy closure were significant characteristics of roost selection by cavity-roosting bats. Size and direction of effects varied greatly among studies with respect to distance to water, tree density, slope, and bark remaining on trunks. Inclusion of mean summer temperature and sex in meta-regressions further explained heterogeneity in tree diameter effect sizes. Conclusions Regional differences in roost selection for tree diameter were related to mean summer temperature. Large diameter trees play a central role in roost selection by bats, especially in colder regions, where they are likely to provide a warm and stable microclimate for reproductive females. Records of summer temperature fluctuations inside and outside tree cavities that are used by bats should be included in future research.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Snow tracking and trapping harvest as reliable sources for inferring abundance : a 9-year comparison
    (Eagle Hill Institute, 2015-12-01) Desrochers, André; Kawaguchi, Toshinori; Bastien, Héloïse
    Trapping harvest and snow tracking are frequently used to infer population dynamics, yet there have been few evaluations of these indices. We developed population indices for Martes americana (American Marten), Mustela spp. (weasels), and Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (American Red Squirrel) from 9 years of snow-tracking data in eastern Canada. We employed mean track counts per unit effort as population indices derived from a generalized linear model (GLM) of track counts as a function of year and covariates including forest age. Mean track counts were significantly correlated with American Marten and weasel pelt sales and year effects in GLM were correlated with American Red Squirrel and weasel pelt sales. The results of both methods are in agreement; therefore they are likely valid sources to infer population dynamics for these species.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Regional patterns of habitat use by a threatened forest bird, the Bicknell’s Thrush, in Quebec
    (National Research Council, 2016-02-19) Aubry, Yves; Desrochers, André; Seutin, Gilles
    Conservation of threatened species often uses habitat models to inform management of habitat and populations. We examined habitat use by Bicknell’s Thrush (Catharus bicknelli (Ridgway, 1882)), a federally “Threatened” species, in two Appalachian regions, shaped by forestry activities, of southern Quebec. Within its breeding range, the species inhabits mountain tops and forests subjected to various logging activities. We assessed the role of vegetation and topography at two spatial scales, as well as spatial relationships with Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus (Nuttall, 1840)), identified as a potential competitor by some authors. In both regions, Bicknell’s Thrushes were most likely to be reported at high elevations, in forest stands with high tree stem densities that underwent little or no stem reduction from forestry activities. Swainson’s Thrushes were present at all sites were Bicknell’s Thrushes were reported. These results are consistent with findings from studies in northeastern parts of its breeding range. We conclude that forest-stand thinning should be kept to a minimum throughout the high-elevation nesting habitat of Bicknell’s Thrush.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Selection of roosting habitat by male Myotis bats in a boreal forest
    (National Research Council of Canada, 2015-05-07) Desrochers, André; Racine, Etienne B.; Fabianek, François; Simard, Marie-Anouk
    Male little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus (Le Conte, 1831)) and northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897)) often roost under exfoliating bark, within trunks, and within cavities of trees during summer. Current lack of knowledge about the roosting ecology of these species in boreal forest limits our understanding of how they may be affected by logging. The main objective was to identify tree and forest stand features that were selected by bats for roosting within a balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) – paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marshall) forest of Quebec, Canada. Over 3 years, we captured and fitted radio transmitters to 22 individual bats to locate their roost trees for 7–14 days following release. We measured tree and forest stand features in the field and using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology. Roost trees were compared with random trees using generalized linear mixed models. Male Myotis bats selected larger and taller snags, within stands containing a higher proportion of canopy gaps and a larger number of snags compared with random trees. Vegetation clumps of 0.1 ha containing a minimum of 10 snags with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm should be maintained to preserve roosting habitat that is used by male Myotis bats in balsam fir – paper birch forests.