Personne :
MacKay, John

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MacKay
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John
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Université Laval. Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt
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ncf10260360
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2010 - 20182
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Voici les éléments 1 - 2 sur 2
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Genetic control of wood properties in Picea glauca - an analysis of trends with cambial age
    (National Research Council of Canada, 2010-04-15) MacKay, John; Lenz, Patrick; Cloutier, Alain; Beaulieu, Jean
    We investigated the genetic control of wood properties as a function of cambial age to enable improvement of juvenile wood attributes in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Increment cores were taken from 375 trees randomly selected from 25 open-pollinated families in a provenance–progeny trial repeated on three sites. High-resolution pith-to-bark profiles were obtained for microfibril angle (MFA), modulus of elasticity (MOE), wood density, tracheid diameter and cell wall thickness, fibre coarseness, and specific fibre surface with the SilviScan technology. Heritability estimates indicated that genetic control of cell anatomy traits and wood density increased with cambial age, whereas the genetic control of MFA and MOE remained relatively low across growth rings. Wood density, radial cell diameter, cell wall thickness, and specific fibre surface were highly heritable, indicating that significant genetic gains could be expected in tree improvement programs, although cambial age at selection may strongly influence the magnitude of realized gains. In contrast, growth-related properties, such as ring width, core length, and tree height, gave weak or nonsignificant heritability estimates. Adverse correlations between mechanical strength and properties related to paper quality suggest that breeding strategies must incorporate both types of traits to improve white spruce wood quality for different end uses.
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Gene copy number variations involved in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) adaptive variations
    (Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2018-10-01) Giguère, Isabelle; Isabel, Nathalie; Ryan, Natalie; MacKay, John; Guy, Robert D. (Robert Dean); Prunier, Julien; Porth, Ilga
    Gene copy number variations (CNVs) involved in phenotypic variations have already been shown in plants, but genomewide testing of CNVs for adaptive variation was not doable until recent technological developments. Thus, reports of the genomic architecture of adaptation involving CNVs remain scarce to date. Here, we investigated F1 progenies of an intraprovenance cross (north–north cross, 58th parallel) and an interprovenances cross (north–south cross, 58th/49th parallels) for CNVs using comparative genomic hybridization on arrays of probes targeting gene sequences in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), a widespread North American forest tree. A total of 1,721 genes were found in varying copy numbers over the set of 19,823 tested genes. These gene CNVs presented an estimated average size of 8.3 kb and were distributed over poplar's 19 chromosomes including 22 hotspot regions. Gene CNVs number was higher for the interprovenance progeny in accordance with an expected higher genetic diversity related to the composite origin of this family. Regression analyses between gene CNVs and seven adaptive trait variations resulted in 23 significant links; among these adaptive gene CNVs, 30% were located in hotspots. One‐to‐five gene CNVs were found related to each of the measured adaptive traits and annotated for both biotic and abiotic stress responses. These annotations can be related to the occurrence of a higher pathogenic pressure in the southern parts of balsam poplar's distribution, and higher photosynthetic assimilation rates and water‐use efficiency at high latitudes. Overall, our findings suggest that gene CNVs typically having higher mutation rates than SNPs may in fact represent efficient adaptive variations against fast‐evolving pathogens.