Personne : Diebolt, Myriam
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Diebolt
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Myriam
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Département chirurgie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval
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Publication Restreint Mechanism of potentiation by polyphenols of contraction in human vein-engineered media(American Physiological Society, 2005-06-01) Germain, Lucie; Diebolt, Myriam; Auger, François A.; Andriantsitohaina, RamarosonThe potential of natural dietary polyphenols in the treatment of vascular diseases originating from veins has been suggested in the literature. However, the mechanisms involved to explain the effects of polyphenols are not yet elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which polyphenols from red wine (Provinols) modulated contraction in human veins. We took advantage of a human model previously reported as a new tool for pharmacological research, using tissue-engineered techniques allowing the production of vascular media based exclusively on human smooth muscle cells. Thus human tissue-engineered vascular media (TEVM) were produced with cells originating from umbilical cord vein. TEVM were treated with either vehicle or Provinols. Results showed that treatment of TEVM with Provinols significantly potentiated the contractile responses induced by histamine and bradykinin. The potentiating effect of Provinols was not associated with an enhancement of histamine-induced increase in cytosolic calcium; rather, it implied the presence of a Ca(2+)-independent signaling pathway. Pharmacological studies indicated that action of Provinols took place at the level of phospholipase A(2)-Rho-kinase pathway and was associated with an enhancement of myosin light chain kinase activity. These results, obtained using the human TEVM, bring new insights to explain the regulation of venous contraction by polyphenols.Publication Restreint Polyphenols modulate calcium-independent mechanisms in human arterial tissue-engineered vascular media(Mosby, 2007-09-30) Germain, Lucie; Diebolt, Myriam; Labbé, Raymond; Auger, François A.; Laflamme, Karina; Andriantsitohaina, RamarosonBackground: In the present study, an arterial tissue-engineered vascular media (TEVM) was produced from cultured human smooth muscle cells of the umbilical artery and we took advantage of this model to evaluate the regulation of contraction and the signalling pathways of polyphenols in arteries. Methods: Cultured human smooth muscle cells of the umbilical artery were used to produce arterial TEVMs. Contraction experiments were performed to determine intracellular targets involved in the modulation of contraction by polyphenols extract from red wine, Provinols (SEPPIC Groupe Air Liquide, Paris, France). Results: Smooth muscle cells in arterial TEVM displayed a differentiated phenotype as demonstrated by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, a vascular smooth muscle-specific marker, and tissue contraction in response to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents. Contractions caused by histamine were associated with an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and a Ca(2+)-independent signalling pathway. The latter pathway involved mechanisms sensitive to protein kinase C, myosin light chain kinase, and Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitors. The regulation of contraction induced by Provinols shows that treatment of arterial TEVM with this compound significantly decreased histamine-induced contraction. This effect was associated with the inhibition of the Rho-associated protein kinase pathway and the decrease in alpha-smooth muscle actin expression. Conclusion: The use of arterial TEVM, brings new insights into the mechanisms by which polyphenols regulate vascular contraction in the human artery.