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Garneau, Véronique

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Garneau

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Véronique

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Université Laval. Département des sciences des aliments et de nutrition

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ncf11859169

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  • PublicationAccès libre
    Associations between dietary protein sources, plasma BCAA and short-chain acylcarnitine levels in adults
    (M D P I AG, 2019-01-15) Guénard, Frédéric; Garneau, Véronique; Allam-Ndoul, Bénédicte; Pérusse, Louis; Lemieux, Simone; Vohl, Marie-Claude; Rousseau, Michèle
    Elevated plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and C3 and C5 acylcarnitines (AC) levels observed in individuals with insulin resistance (IR) might be influenced by dietary protein intakes. This study explores the associations between dietary protein sources, plasma BCAA levels and C3 and C5 ACs in normal weight (NW) or overweight (OW) individuals with or without metabolic syndrome (MS). Data from 199 men and women aged 18–55 years with complete metabolite profile were analyzed. Associations between metabolic parameters, protein sources, plasma BCAA and AC levels were tested. OW/MS+ consumed significantly more animal protein (p = 0.0388) and had higher plasma BCAA levels (p < 0.0001) than OW/MS− or NW/MS− individuals. Plasma BCAA levels were not associated with BCAA intakes in the whole cohort, while there was a trend for an association between plasma BCAA levels and red meat or with animal protein in OW/MS+. These associations were of weak magnitude. In NW/MS− individuals, the protein sources associated with BCAA levels varied greatly with adjustment for confounders. Plasma C3 and C5 ACs were associated with plasma BCAA levels in the whole cohort (p < 0.0001) and in subgroups based on OW and MS status. These results suggest a modest association of meat or animal protein intakes and an association of C3 and C5 ACs with plasma BCAA levels, obesity and MS.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Raspberry consumption : identification of distinct immune-metabolic response profiles by whole blood transcriptome profiling
    (Elsevier, 2022-01-10) Franck, Maximilien; Toro Martin, Juan de; Varin, Thibaut; Garneau, Véronique; Pilon, Geneviève; Roy, Denis; Couture, Patrick; Couillard, Charles; Marette, André; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Background. Numerous studies reported that diets rich in phenolic compounds are beneficial to human health, especially for immune-metabolic conditions, yet these effects and underlying mechanisms are not well defined. Objectives. The main goal of this study was to investigate the architecture of the inter-individual variability of the immune-metabolic response to raspberry consumption, by identifying distinct subgroups of participants sharing similar transcriptomic signatures. Methods. The 24 participants assigned to the treated arm of a randomized controlled trial, and at risk of developing metabolic syndrome, received 280g/day of frozen raspberries for 8 weeks. RNAseq data from whole blood assessed at weeks 0 and 8 were used to identify sub-groups of responses to raspberry consumption, by using partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering. Changes in clinical features, metabolic parameters, plasma metabolites and gut metagenomics were compared between the resulting sub-groups. Results. Transcriptomic-based clustering regrouped the initial 24 study participants into two significantly different sub-groups of response to raspberry consumption, with 13 participants being defined as responders and 11 as non-responders. Following raspberry consumption, a significant decrease in plasma triglycerides, total-cholesterol and C-reactive protein was found in the responder sub-group, as compared to the non-responder sub-group. Two major components composed respectively of 100 and 220 genes were further identified by sparse PLS-DA as those better discriminating responders and non-responders. Functional pathways related to cytokine production, leukocyte activation and immune response were significantly enriched with discriminant genes. Factor analysis revealed that the first metabolomic factor mostly composed of decreasing triglycerides and increasing phosphatidylcholines was significantly higher in responders, as compared to non-responders. Analysis of gut metagenomic data revealed differences between responders and non-responders prior to the intervention and distinct modulations, notably regarding Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla. Conclusions. The discrimination analysis carried out in the present study based on transcriptional changes following raspberry consumption was able to identify two divergent sub-groups of participants, which were further identified as responders and non-responders, according to their immune-metabolic and gut metagenomic responses. In the context of precision nutrition, this holistic approach represents a promising framework to tackle the issue of inter-individual variability in the understanding of the impact of foods or nutrients on immune-metabolic health.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Effects of daily raspberry consumption on immune-metabolic health in subjects at risk of metabolic syndrome : a randomized controlled trial
    (MDPI Pub., 2020-12-17) Franck, Maximilien; Toro Martin, Juan de; Garneau, Véronique; Guay, Valérie; Kearney, Michèle; Pilon, Geneviève; Roy, Denis; Couture, Patrick; Couillard, Charles; Marette, André; Vohl, Marie-Claude
    Consumption of red raspberries has been reported to exert acute beneficial effects on postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, triglyceridemia, and cytokine levels in metabolically disturbed subjects. In a two-arm parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial, 59 subjects with overweight or abdominal obesity and with slight hyperinsulinemia or hypertriglyceridemia were randomized to consume 280 g/day of frozen raspberries or to maintain their usual diet for 8 weeks. Primary analyses measured metabolic differences between the groups. Secondary analyses performed with omics tools in the intervention group assessed blood gene expression and plasma metabolomic changes following the raspberry supplementation. The intervention did not significantly affect plasma insulin, glucose, inflammatory marker concentrations, nor blood pressure. Following the supplementation, 43 genes were differentially expressed, and several functional pathways were enriched, a major portion of which were involved in the regulation of cytotoxicity, immune cell trafficking, protein signal transduction, and interleukin production. In addition, 10 serum metabolites were found significantly altered, among which β-alanine, trimethylamine N-oxide, and bioactive lipids. Although the supplementation had no meaningful metabolic effects, these results highlight the impact of a diet rich in raspberry on the immune function and phospholipid metabolism, thus providing novel insights into potential immune-metabolic pathways influenced by regular raspberry consumption