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Personne :
Biron, Éric

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Biron

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Éric

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Université Laval. Faculté de pharmacie

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ncf11849118

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Voici les éléments 1 - 4 sur 4
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Bacteriocins as a new generation of antimicrobials : toxicity aspects and regulations
    (Elsevier, 2020-09-02) Ben Said, Laila; Biron, Éric; Soltani, Samira; Gaudreau, Hélène; Fliss, Ismaïl; Bédard, François; Hammami, Riadh
    In recent decades, bacteriocins have received substantial attention as antimicrobial compounds. Although bacteriocins have been predominantly exploited as food preservatives, they are now receiving increased attention as potential clinical antimicrobials and as possible immune-modulating agents. Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been declared as a global threat to public health. Bacteriocins represent a potential solution to this worldwide threat due to their broad- or narrow-spectrum activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Notably, despite their role in food safety as natural alternatives to chemical preservatives, nisin remains the only bacteriocin legally approved by regulatory agencies as a food preservative. Moreover, insufficient data on the safety and toxicity of bacteriocins represent a barrier against the more widespread use of bacteriocins by the food and medical industry. Here, we focus on the most recent trends relating to the application of bacteriocins, their toxicity and impacts.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Recent progress in the chemical synthesis of class II and s-glycosylated bacteriocins
    (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2018-05-23) Biron, Éric; Bédard, François
    A wide variety of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and studied in the last decades. Known as bacteriocins, these ribosomally synthesized peptides inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacterial species through numerous mechanisms and show a great variety of spectrum of activity. With their great potential as antimicrobial additives and alternatives to traditional antibiotics in food preservation and handling, animal production and in veterinary and medical medicine, the demand for bacteriocins is rapidly increasing. Bacteriocins are most often produced by fermentation but, in several cases, the low isolated yields and difficulties associated with their purification seriously limit their use on a large scale. Chemical synthesis has been proposed for their production and recent advances in peptide synthesis methodologies have allowed the preparation of several bacteriocins. Moreover, the significant cost reduction for peptide synthesis reagents and building blocks has made chemical synthesis of bacteriocins more attractive and competitive. From a protein engineering point of view, the chemical approach offers many advantages such as the possibility to rapidly perform amino acid substitution, use unnatural or modified residues, and make backbone and side chain modifications to improve potency, modify the activity spectrum or increase the stability of the targeted bacteriocin. This review summarized synthetic approaches that have been developed and used in recent years to allow the preparation of class IIa bacteriocins and S-linked glycopeptides from LAB. Synthetic strategies such as the use of pseudoprolines, backbone protecting groups, microwave irradiations, selective disulfide bridge formation and chemical ligations to prepare class II and S-glycosylsated bacteriocins are discussed.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Gastrointestinal stability and cytotoxicity of bacteriocins from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria : a comparative in vitro study
    (Frontiers Media, 2022-01-25) Biron, Éric; Zirah, Séverine; Rebuffat, Sylvie; Soltani, Samira; Couture, Frédéric; Fliss, Ismaïl; Subirade, Muriel; Boutin, Yvan.
    Bacteriocins are receiving increased attention as potent candidates in food preservation and medicine. Although the inhibitory activity of bacteriocins has been studied widely, little is known about their gastrointestinal stability and toxicity toward normal human cell lines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastrointestinal stability and activity of microcin J25, pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A and nisin using in vitro models. In addition cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of these bacteriocins were investigated on human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) and rat erythrocytes, respectively. Pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A, and nisin were observed to lose their stability while passing through the gastrointestinal tract, while microcin J25 is only partially degraded. Besides, selected bacteriocins were not toxic to Caco-2 cells, and integrity of cell membrane was observed to remain unaffected in presence of these bacteriocins at concentrations up to 400 μg/mL. In hemolysis study, pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A, and nisin were observed to lyse rat erythrocytes at concentrations higher than 50 μg/mL, while microcin J25 showed no effect on these cells. According to data indicating gastrointestinal degradation and the absence of toxicity of pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A, and microcin J25 they could potentially be used in food or clinical applications.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Structure-activity studies of the bacteriocin bactofencin A and its interaction with the bacterial membrane
    (American Chemical Society, 2018-12-12) Biron, Éric; Fliss, Ismaïl; Bédard, François
    The antimicrobial peptide bactofencin A is an unmodified non-pediocin-like bacteriocin that inhibits several clinically relevant pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Here we report the synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of bactofencin A and novel analogues thereof. Synthetic bactofencin A was a potent inhibitor of L. monocytogenes (MIC = 8.0 μM) and S. aureus (MIC = 4.0 μM), similar to the bacteriocin produced naturally by Lactobacillus salivarius. Of particular interest is the fact that linear analogues lacking the disulfide bond found in bactofencin A were as potent and also active against several strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and one strain of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA). Supported by the structure–activity relationship study, investigation of the interaction of bactofencin A with bacterial membrane by molecular dynamics simulations showed the importance of the positively charged N-terminal tail for peptide–membrane interaction. These results suggest that the C-terminal macrocycle is involved in target protein binding and bacterial growth inhibition.