Personne :
Guzzetti, Ezequiel

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Guzzetti
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Ezequiel
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Université Laval
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  • Publication
    Restreint
    Estimation of stroke volume and aortic valve area in patients with aortic stenosis : a comparison of echocardiography versus cardiovascular magnetic resonance
    (Elsevier, 2020-06-21) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Garcia, Julio; Larose, Éric; Le Ven, Florent; Capoulade, Romain; Pibarot, Philippe; Bédard, Élisabeth; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Tastet, Lionel; Arsenault, Marie
    Background: In aortic stenosis, accurate measurement of left ventricular stroke volume (SV) is essential for the calculation of aortic valve area (AVA) and the assessment of flow status. Current American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines suggest that measurements of left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTd) at different levels (at the annulus vs 5 or 10 mm below) yield similar measures of SV and AVA. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the location of LVOTd measurement on the accuracy of SV and AVA measured on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) compared with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods: One hundred six patients with aortic stenosis underwent both TTE and CMR. SV was estimated on TTE using the continuity equation with LVOTd measurements at four locations: at the annulus and 2, 5, and 10 mm below annulus. SV was also determined on CMR using phase contrast acquired in the aorta (SVCMR-PC), and a hybrid AVACMR-PC was calculated by diving SVCMR-PC by the transthoracic echocardiographic Doppler aortic velocity-time integral. Comparison between methods was made using Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Compared with the referent method of phase-contrast CMR for the estimation of SVCMR-PC and AVACMR-PC (SVCMR-PC 83 6 16 mL, AVACMR-PC 1.27 6 0.35 cm2 ), the best agreement was obtained by measuring LVOTd at the annulus or 2 mm below (P = NS), whereas measuring 5 and 10 mm below the annulus resulted in significant underestimation of SV and AVA by up to 15.9 6 17.3 mL and 0.24 6 0.28 cm2 , respectively (P < .01 for all). Accuracy for classification of low flow was best at the annulus (86%) and 2 mm below (82%), whereas measuring 5 and 10 mm below the annulus significantly underperformed (69% and 61%, respectively, P < .001). Conclusions: Measuring LVOTd at the annulus or very close to it provides the most accurate measures of SV and AVA, whereas measuring LVOTd 5 or 10 mm below significantly underestimates these parameters and leads to significant overestimation of the severity of aortic stenosis and prevalence of low-flow status.
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Clinical value of stress transaortic flow rate during dobutamine echocardiography in reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2021-11-08) Vamvakidou, Anastasia; Dahou, Abdellaziz; Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Annabi, Mohamed Salah; Plonska-Gosciniak, Edyta; Pibarot, Philippe; Almeida, Ana G.; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Burwash, Ian G.; Koschutnik, Matthias; Bartko, Philipp E.; Bergler-Klein, Jutta; Mascherbauer, Julia; Orwat, Stefan; Baumgartner, Helmut; Cavalcante, João L.; Pinto, Fausto J.; Kukulski, Tomasz; Kasprzak, Jaroslaw D.; Flachskampf, Frank A.; Senior, Roxy
    Background: Low rest transaortic flow rate (FR) has been shown previously to predict mortality in low-gradient aortic stenosis. However limited prognostic data exists on stress FR during low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography. We aimed to assess the value of stress FR for the detection of aortic valve stenosis (AS) severity and the prediction of mortality. Methods: This is a multicenter cohort study of patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and low-gradient aortic stenosis (aortic valve area <1 cm2 and mean gradient <40 mm Hg) who underwent low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography to identify the AS severity and presence of flow reserve. The outcome assessed was all-cause mortality. Results: Of the 287 patients (mean age, 75±10 years; males, 71%; left ventricular ejection fraction, 31±10%) over a mean follow-up of 24±30 months there were 127 (44.3%) deaths and 147 (51.2%) patients underwent aortic valve intervention. Higher stress FR was independently associated with reduced risk of mortality (hazard ratio, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.94–0.99]; P=0.01) after adjusting for age, chronic kidney disease, heart failure symptoms, aortic valve intervention, and rest left ventricular ejection fraction. The minimum cutoff for prediction of mortality was stress FR 210 mL/s. Following adjustment to the same important clinical and echocardiographic parameters, among the three criteria of AS severity during stress, ie, the guideline definition of aortic valve area <1cm2 and aortic valve mean gradient ≥40 mm Hg, or aortic valve mean gradient ≥40 mm Hg, or the novel definition of aortic valve area <1 cm2 at stress FR ≥210 mL/s, only the latter was independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.05–2.82]; P=0.03). Furthermore aortic valve area <1cm2 at stress FR ≥210 mL/s was the only severe aortic stenosis criterion that was associated with improved outcome following aortic valve intervention (P<0.001). Guideline-defined stroke volume flow reserve did not predict mortality. Conclusions: Stress FR during low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography was useful for the detection of both AS severity and flow reserve and was associated with improved prediction of outcome following aortic valve intervention.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Sex-related differences in the extent of myocardial fibrosis in patients with aortic valve stenosis
    (American College of Cardiology Foundation, 2018-09-22) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Kwiecinski, Jacek; Larose, Éric; Shen, Mylène; Bédard, Élisabeth; Everett, Russell J.; Capoulade, Romain; Newby, David E.; Beaudoin, Jonathan; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Tastet, Lionel; Arsenault, Marie; Dweck, Marc
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Validation of aortic valve calcium quantification thresholds measured by computed tomography in Asian patients with calcific aortic stenosis
    (Oxford University Press, 2021-06-25) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Oh, Kyung Jin; Shen, Mylène; Pibarot, Philippe; Dweck, Marc R.; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Poh, Kian Keong; Tastet, Lionel; Abbas, Amr E.; Mando, Ramy; Pressman, Gregg; Brito, Daniel; Pawade, Tania; Falconi, Mariano Luis; Arenaza, Diego Perez de; Kong, William
    Aims Sex-specific thresholds of aortic valve calcification (AVC) have been proposed and validated in Caucasians. Thus, we aimed to validate their accuracy in Asians. Methods and results Patients with calcific aortic stenosis (AS) from seven international centres were included. Exclusion criteria were ≥moderate aortic/mitral regurgitation and bicuspid valve. Optimal AVC and AVC-density sex-specific thresholds for severe AS were obtained in concordant grading and normal flow patients (CG/NF). We included 1263 patients [728 (57%) Asians, 573 (45%) women, 837 (66%) with CG/NF]. Mean gradient was 48 (26–64) mmHg and peak aortic velocity 4.5 (3.4–5.1) m/s. Optimal AVC thresholds were: 2145 Agatston Units (AU) in men and 1301 AU in women for Asians; and 1885 AU in men and 1129 AU in women for Caucasians. Overall, accuracy (% correctly classified) was high and comparable either using optimal or guidelines’ thresholds (2000 AU in men, 1200 AU in women). However, accuracy was lower in Asian women vs. Caucasian women (76–78% vs. 94–95%; P < 0.001). Accuracy of AVC-density (476 AU/cm2 in men and 292 AU/cm2 in women) was comparable to absolute AVC in Caucasians (91% vs. 91%, respectively, P = 0.74), but higher than absolute AVC in Asians (87% vs. 81%, P < 0.001). There was no interaction between AVC/AVC-density and ethnicity (all P > 0.41) with regards to AS haemodynamic severity. Conclusion AVC thresholds defining severe AS are comparable in Asian and Caucasian populations, and similar to those proposed in the guidelines. However, accuracy of AVC to identify severe AS in Asians (especially women) is sub-optimal. Therefore, the use of AVC-density is preferable in Asians.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Normal-flow low-gradient severe aortic stenosis is a frequent and real entity
    (Oxford University Press, 2019-08-22) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Sex-related differences in the extent of myocardial fibrosis in patients with aortic valve stenosis
    (American College of Cardiology, 2019-08-14) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Kwiecinski, Jacek; Larose, Éric; Shen, Mylène; Bédard, Élisabeth; Everett, Russell J.; Capoulade, Romain; Newby, David E.; Beaudoin, Jonathan; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Tastet, Lionel; Arsenault, Marie; Dweck, Marc
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sex on myocardial fibrosis as assessed by using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in aortic stenosis (AS). Background: Previous studies reported sex-related differences in the left ventricular (LV) remodeling response to pressure overload in AS. However, there are very few data regarding the effect of sex on myocardial fibrosis, a key marker of LV decompensation and adverse cardiac events in AS. Methods: A total of 249 patients (mean age 66 ± 13 years; 30% women) with at least mild AS were recruited from 2 prospective observational cohort studies and underwent comprehensive Doppler echocardiography and CMR examinations. On CMR, T1 mapping was used to quantify extracellular volume (ECV) fraction as a marker of diffuse fibrosis, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was used to assess focal fibrosis. Results: There was no difference in age between women and men (age 66 ± 15 years vs 66 ± 12 years; p = 0.78). However, women presented with a better cardiovascular risk profile than men with less hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and coronary artery disease (all, p ≤ 0.10). As expected, LV mass index measured by CMR imaging was smaller in women than in men (p < 0.0001). Despite fewer comorbidities, women presented with larger ECV fraction (median: 29.0% [25th to 75th percentiles: 27.4% to 30.6%] vs. 26.8% [25th to 75th percentiles: 25.1% to 28.7%]; p < 0.0001) and similar LGE (median: 4.5% [25th–75th percentiles: 2.3% to 7.0%] vs. 2.8% [25th–75th percentiles: 0.6% to 6.8%]; p = 0.20) than men. In multivariable analysis, female sex remained an independent determinant of higher ECV fraction and LGE (all, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Women have greater diffuse and focal myocardial fibrosis independent of the degree of AS severity. These findings further emphasize the sex-related differences in LV remodeling response to pressure overload.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Usefulness of energy loss index for adjudication of low-gradient aortic stenosis severity
    (Oxford University Press, 2020-04-07) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick
    Up to 40% of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) present with a low gradient (i.e., a mean transvalvular gradient [MG] <40 mmHg) despite a small aortic valve area (AVA≤1 cm2) at echocardiography or cardiac catheterization. This ‘discordant grading’ situation raises uncertainty about the true severity of AS and therefore about therapeutic decision making (1). A thorough, integrative approach including assessment of flow status and quantitation of aortic valve calcium score by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has been proposed in the 2017 European guidelines for discriminating true versus pseudo-severe AS in the patients with low-gradient AS (2). It is, indeed, estimated that 50 to 70% of patients with low-gradient AS have a true-severe AS and thus an indication (Class I or IIa) for aortic valve replacement. However, it remains crucial to identify patients with pseudo-severe AS, who should be managed conservatively.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Importance of flow in risk stratification of aortic stenosis.
    (Elsevier, 2020-01-01) Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Haemodynamic outcomes following aortic valve-in-valve procedure
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-07-09) Dahou, Abdellaziz; Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Dumont, Éric; De Larochellière, Robert; Côté, Mélanie; Rodés-Cabau, Josep; Mohammadi, Siamak; Paradis, Jean-Michel; Doyle, Daniel; Zenses, Anne-Sophie; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Ong, Géraldine; Chamandi, Chekrallah; Salaun, Erwan; Rodriguez-Gabella, Tania; Rieu, Régis
    Background and objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve- in-valve implantation (ViV) has emerged as a valuable technique to treat failed surgical bioprostheses (BPs) in patients with high risk for redo surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Small BP size (≤21 mm), stenotic pattern of degeneration and pre-existing prosthesis– patient mismatch (PPM) have been associated with worse clinical outcomes after ViV. However, no study has evaluated the actual haemodynamic benefit associated with ViV. This study aims to compare haemodynamic status observed at post-ViV, pre-ViV and early after initial SAVR and to determine the factors associated with worse haemodynamic outcomes following ViV, including the rates of high residual gradient and ‘haemodynamic futility’. Methods: Early post-SAVR, pre-ViV and post-ViV echocardiographic data of 79 consecutive patients who underwent aortic ViV at our institution were retrospectively analysed. The primary study endpoint was suboptimal valve haemodynamics (SVH) following ViV defined by the Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 as the presence of high residual aortic mean gradient (≥20 mm Hg) and/or at least moderate aortic regurgitation (AR). Haemodynamic futility of ViV was defined as <10 mm Hg decrease in mean aortic gradient and no improvement in AR compared with pre-ViV. Results: SVH was found in 61% of patients (57% high residual gradient, 4% moderate AR) after ViV versus 24% early after SAVR. Pre-existing PPM and BP mode of failure by stenosis were independently associated with the primary endpoint (OR: 2.87; 95% CI 1.08 to 7.65; p=0.035 and OR: 3.02; 95% CI 1.08 to 8.42; p=0.035, respectively) and with the presence of high residual gradient (OR: 4.38; 95% CI 1.55 to 12.37; p=0.005 and OR: 5.37; 95% CI 1.77 to 16.30; p=0.003, respectively) following ViV. Criteria of ViV haemodynamic futility were met in 7.6% overall and more frequently in patients with pre-existing PPM and stenotic BP (18.5%) compared with other patients (2.0%). ViV restored haemodynamic function to early post-SAVR level in only 34% of patients. Conclusion: Although ViV was associated with significant haemodynamic improvement compared with pre-ViV in >90% of patients, more than half harboured SVH outcome. Furthermore, only one-third of patients had a restoration of valve haemodynamic function to the early post-SAVR level. Pre-existing PPM and stenosis pattern of BP degeneration were the mian factors associated with SVH and haemodynamic futility following ViV. These findings provide strong support for the prevention of PPM at the time of initial SAVR and careful preprocedural patient screening.
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Structural deterioration of transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve bioprostheses in the PARTNER-2 trial
    (Elsevier Biomedical, 2020-10-12) Dahou, Abdellaziz; Guzzetti, Ezequiel; Beaudoin, Jonathan; Annabi, Mohamed Salah; Bernier, Mathieu; Pibarot, Philippe; Clavel, Marie-Annick; Salaun, Erwan; Ternacle, Julien
    BACKGROUND It is unknown whether transcatheter valves will have similar durability as surgical bioprosthetic valves. Definitions of structural valve deterioration (SVD), based on valve related reintervention or death, underestimate the incidence of SVD. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine and compare the 5-year incidence of SVD, using new standardized definitions based on echocardiographic follow-up of valve function, in intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis given transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in the PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves) 2A trial and registry. METHODS In the PARTNER 2A trial, patients were randomly assigned to receive either TAVR with the SAPIEN XT or SAVR, whereas in the SAPIEN 3 registry, patients were assigned to TAVR with the SAPIEN 3. The primary endpoint was the incidence of SVD, that is, the composite of SVD-related hemodynamic valve deterioration during echocardiographic follow-up and/or SVD-related bioprosthetic valve failure (BVF) at 5 years. RESULTS Compared with SAVR, the SAPIEN-XT TAVR cohort had a significantly higher 5-year exposure adjusted incidence rates (per 100 patient-years) of SVD (1.61 ± 0.24% vs. 0.63 ± 0.16%), SVD-related BVF (0.58 ± 0.14% vs. 0.12 ± 0.07%), and all-cause (structural or nonstructural) BVF (0.81 ± 0.16% vs. 0.27 ± 0.10%) (p ≤ 0.01 for all). The 5-year rates of SVD (0.68 ± 0.18% vs. 0.60 ± 0.17%; p ¼ 0.71), SVD-related BVF (0.29 ± 0.12% vs. 0.14 ± 0.08%; p ¼ 0.25), and all-cause BVF (0.60 ± 0.15% vs. 0.32 ± 0.11%; p ¼ 0.32) in SAPIEN 3 TAVR were not significantly different to a propensity score matched SAVR cohort. The 5-year rates of SVD and SVD-related BVF were significantly lower in SAPIEN 3 versus SAPIEN XT TAVR matched cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Compared with SAVR, the second-generation SAPIEN XT balloon-expandable valve has a higher 5-year rate of SVD, whereas the third-generation SAPIEN 3 has a rate of SVD that was not different from SAVR. (The PARTNER II Trial: Placement of AoRTic TraNscathetER Valves - PII A [PARTNERII A]; NCT01314313; The PARTNER II Trial: Placement of AoRTic TraNscathetER Valves II - PARTNER II - PARTNERII - S3 Intermediate [PARTNERII S3i]; NCT03222128)