Personne :
Langelier, Ève.

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Langelier
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Ève.
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Département de génie mécanique, Faculté des sciences et de génie, Université Laval
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1999 - 199912000 - 20051
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  • Publication
    Restreint
    Tissue reorganization in response to mechanical load increases functionality
    (2005-02-28) Bergeron, François; Langelier, Ève.; Grenier, Guillaume.; Germain, Lucie; Larouche, Danielle; Dupuis, Daniel; Rancourt, Denis; Auger, François A.; Gauvin, Robert; Baker, Kathleen; Rémy-Zolghadri, Murielle
    In the rapidly growing field of tissue engineering, the functional properties of tissue substitutes are recognized as being of the utmost importance. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of static mechanical forces on the functionality of the produced tissue constructs. Living tissue sheets reconstructed by the self-assembly approach from human cells, without the addition of synthetic material or extracellular matrix (ECM), were subjected to mechanical load to induce cell and ECM alignment. In addition, the effects of alignment on the function of substitutes reconstructed from these living tissue sheets were evaluated. Our results show that tissue constructs made from living tissue sheets, in which fibroblasts and ECM were aligned, presented higher mechanical resistance. This was assessed by the modulus of elasticity and ultimate strength as compared with tissue constructs in which components were randomly oriented. Moreover, tissue-engineered vascular media made from a prealigned living tissue sheet, produced with smooth muscle cells, possessed greater contractile capacity compared with those produced from living tissue sheets that were not prealigned. These results show that the mechanical force generated by cells during tissue organization is an asset for tissue component alignment. Therefore, this work demonstrates a means to improve the functionality (mechanical and vasocontractile properties) of tissues reconstructed by tissue engineering by taking advantage of the biomechanical forces generated by cells under static strain.
  • Publication
    Restreint
    Cyclic traction machine for long-term culture of fibroblast-populated collagen gels
    (Springer, 1999-01-01) Langelier, Ève.; Germain, Lucie; Bouchard, Samuel; Lord, C.; Stevens, P.-P.; Rancourt, Denis; Auger, François A.
    Our research group has been investigating the effect of cyclic deformations on the evolution of fibroblast populated collagen gels (FPCG). Since existing traction machines are not designed for such an application, we had to design a cyclic traction machine adapted to tissue culture inside an incubator over an extended period of time. Biocompatible materials were used for fabrication to allow for easy sterilization and to prevent any adverse reaction from the tissue. The traction machine is based on a computer-controlled stepping motor system for easy adjustment of the deformation amplitude and frequency. The maximum stretching speed achieved is around 1mm/s. The traction machine can measure FPCG mechanical properties and perform rupture tests to determine its ultimate strength. Several FPCGs have been successfully cultured with the machine for up to four weeks without any adverse reaction.