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Personne :
Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie

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Pérusse-Lachance

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Émilie

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Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval

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ncf11859343

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Voici les éléments 1 - 6 sur 6
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Characteristics of individuals who report present and past weight loss behaviours: results from a Canadian university community
    (Editrice Kurtis, 2013-08-14) Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Gallant, Annette; Bégin, Catherine; Provencher, Véronique
    Purpose To characterise individuals who reported present and past weight loss behaviours on psycho-behavioural factors known to influence body weight, e.g. overeating, dietary restriction. Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to a university community. Questions pertaining to present weight loss, previous weight loss, eating behaviour tendencies, perceived stress and sleep quality were answered by 3,069 individuals. Body weight and height were self-reported. Results Present and past weight loss behaviours were prevalent in the sample, with 33.3 % of the participants who reported trying to lose weight, 33.1 % who reported having previously lost weight (>10 lbs), and 18.8 % who reported repeated weight loss behaviour (i.e. present and past weight loss behaviours). Trying to lose weight and previous weight loss were both independently associated with increased risk for psycho-behavioural characteristics known to be associated with obesity, e.g. overeating tendencies, perceived stress, short sleep duration. This risk was particularly elevated among the underweight/normal-weight individuals who reported repeated weight loss behaviours. Indeed, adjusted odds ratios for reporting restrictive and overeating tendencies, perceived stress and short sleep for these individuals were significantly higher compared to their underweight/normal-weight peers who did not report repeated weight loss behaviours (adjusted odds ratios 4.7, 2.7, 1.8, and 1.8, respectively, p < 0.01 to <0.0001). Conclusions Normal-weight individuals reporting weight loss behaviours are characterised by a psycho-behaviour profile which may further increase their risk of weight gain.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Régulation de la prise alimentaire consécutive à un travail mental exigeant
    (University of Toronto Press, 2017-01-01) Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Dupont, Mariève; Gallant, Annette; Sénécal, Caroline; Tremblay, Angelo
    Knowledge-based work has been identified as a potential factor that might accentuate positive energy balance and weight gain. The reasons explaining this relationship and the gender differences previously observed are still unknown. To investigate the relationships between mental effort, cognitive restraint and motivation based on the Strength Model of Self-Regulation, in order to predict eating regulation following a demanding mental work. The protocol consists of a randomized crossover design including 3 conditions (knowledge-based work, exercise and control) followed by an ad libitum buffet measuring eating regulation. Mental effort is measured by the average reaction time (RT) to a second mental task. Questionnaires were administrated at baseline to evaluate global motivation and eating behaviour traits. Cognitive restraint, motivation and mental effort variables do not significantly moderate the relationship between experimental conditions and eating regulation. Controlled form of motivation is significantly correlated with flexible restraint, r = .3, p = .04, rigid restraint, r = .4, p = .03 and disinhibition, r = .3, p = .047. Controlled motivational variable is associated to behaviour traits likely to impair adequate eating regulation, but these associations do not seem to moderate acute food intake regulation following knowledge-based work. Knowledge-based work and flexible cognitive restraint independently increase mental effort, having the potential to weaken self-regulation.
  • PublicationRestreint
    The impact of a mental work on food preferences, eating behavior traits and satiety efficiency
    (Elsevier, 2015-12-01) Salama, Miram; Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Tremblay, Angelo
    Sedentary lifestyles, which are partly due to the type of labor being performed, have contributed to the increased prevalence of obesity. In general, labor in a modern context solicits mental work, which has been shown to promote overeating and altered satiety efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of knowledge-based work on food preferences, eating behaviors traits and appetite sensations. The relationship between these effects and the morphological profile was also assessed. A cross-over experimental design was used in this study for which 35 healthy adults (22 men and 13 women (mean age: 24 ± 3 years)), were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned the one of the two following conditions: mental work (reading a document and writing a summary of 350 words with the use of a computer) or control (rest in seated position). Each condition lasted 45 min, and was followed by a standardized ad libitum buffet-type meal. Measurements included anthropometric variables, ad libitum food intake, appetite sensations before and after each condition, and satiety quotient, a marker of satiety efficiency in response to the meal. Eating behavior traits were also evaluated using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Eating behaviors (restriction, disinhibition) were not associated with the energy intake in both conditions and in both genders. Women appeared to have a higher energy intake after the mental work condition (p < 0.05), which was accompanied by an increased carbohydrate intake (p < 0.05). Moreover, participants with the highest waist circumference had lower satiety efficiency (r = 0.43, p < 0.05) in response to mental work. These results suggest that increased energy intake in response to knowledge-based work is associated with food preference and an altered satiety efficiency in women and individuals with higher waist circumference.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Mental work stimulates cardiovascular responses through a reduction in cardiac parasympathetic modulation in men and women
    (OMICS Publishing Group, 2012-06-13) Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Teasdale, Normand; Chaput, Jean-Philippe; Sénécal, Caroline; Tremblay, Angelo; Brassard, Patrice; Poirier, Paul
    Mental Work (MW) stimulates Cardiovascular (CV) functions in healthy adults and a reduction in cardiac parasympathetic modulation could be one mechanism involved in such a response. The influence of sex on these CV responses remains ambiguous. The aim of the study was to evaluate CV impacts of MW in healthy individuals and whether sex influences CV responses induced by MW. The impact of a 45-min reading and writing session vs. a control condition, on Blood Pressure (BP), Heart Rate (HR), and Heart Rate Variability (HRV), was evaluated in 44 healthy adults with the use of a randomized crossover design. The influence of sex on those variables was then evaluated. Diastolic BP (74 ± 1 vs. 69 ± 1 mmHg; p < 0.05) and mean arterial pressure (MAP; 87 ± 7 vs. 83 ± 8 mmHg; p < 0.005), HR (68 ± 1 vs. 62 ± 1 bpm; p < 0.0001) and low frequency/high frequency ratio (2.8 ± 0.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1; p < 0.0001) were higher, while global HRV (SDNN: 84 ± 3 vs.104 ± 3 ms; p < 0.0001) and cardiac parasympathetic activity were lower during MW (p < 0.0001) vs. the control condition in the whole sample. During both experimental conditions, HR was higher (p < 0.0001), while BP, rMSSD, pNN50 and low frequency component of HRV were lower in women compared to men (all p < 0.05). The intensity of the cognitive demand and its influence on CV variables were comparable between men and women. These results support that MW increases BP and HR through decrement in cardiac parasympathetic modulation in healthy subjects and suggest that sex does not influence CV responses induced by cognitive demand of similar intensity.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Sex differences in effects of mental work and moderate-intensity physical activity on energy intake in young adults
    (Hindawi, 2013-05-29) Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Teasdale, Normand; Chaput, Jean-Philippe; Sénécal, Caroline; Tremblay, Angelo; Brassard, Patrice
    The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of mental work and moderate-intensity physical activity on various components of energy balance in young and healthy adults. With the use of a randomized crossover design, 35 participants aged 24 ± 3 years completed three 45-min conditions, namely, (i) resting in a sitting position (control), (ii) reading and writing (mental work (MW)), and (iii) exercising on a treadmill at 40% of peak oxygen uptake (exercise), followed by an ad libitum lunch. The endpoints were spontaneous energy intake (EI), energy expenditure (EE), appetite sensations, and EI for the remainder of the day. We observed that the energy cost of the control and MW conditions was about the same whereas the exercise condition increased EE to a greater extent in men than women. Exercise induced a decrease in EI relative to EE compared to the control condition that was more pronounced in men than women. However, women tended to increase their energy intake after the MW condition compared to the control one whereas an opposite trend was observed in men. None of the appetite sensation markers differed significantly between both sexes. In conclusion, men and women have specific food intake patterns when submitted to cognitive and physical stimuli.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Lifestyle factors and other health measures in a Canadian university community
    (National Research Council Canada, 2010-07-24) Pérusse-Lachance, Émilie; Drapeau, Vicky; Tremblay, Angelo
    L’augmentation de la prévalence de l’obésité justifie la recherche d’interventions visant la prévention de l’obésité et la promotion de la santé. Ces interventions devraient être basées sur les facteurs associés au poids corporel et à la santé. Afin de développer des interventions plus ciblées en obésité, cette étude décrit les différents facteurs du mode de vie et de santé associés au poids corporel dans une communauté universitaire au Canada. Trois mille cent quarante-trois individus ont répondu en ligne à des questions portant sur l’activité physique, les habitudes alimentaires et d’autres facteurs associés au mode de vie. L’erreur d’échantillonnage est de ± 3,3 % pour un intervalle de confiance de 95 %. D’après les résultats, 22,9 % des étudiants et 37,3 % des membres du personnel sont obèses ou présentent un surplus de poids. Les étudiants mangent moins bien que les membres du personnel en ce qui concerne la consommation de poisson, de boisson énergétique et de produits laitiers; chez les 2 groupes, la consommation (et la qualité) du petit déjeuner est sous-optimale. Quoi qu’il en soit, un fort pourcentage des 2 groupes d’individus ne se conforme pas aux recommandations en matière d’apport en fruits, légumes et poisson ainsi que de la pratique de l’activité physique. On a observé de quelques différences d’habitudes alimentaires entre les genres. Une plus grande proportion d’hommes consomme des boissons gazeuses et énergétiques et saute le petit déjeuner tandis qu’un plus haut pourcentage de femmes ne se conforme pas aux recommandations en matière d’apport de fruits, de légumes et de poisson. Les comportements de diètes, la propension à la désinhibition et l’activité physique d’intensité modérée (MIPA) sont les 3 facteurs du mode de vie qui sont le plus associés au surpoids et à l’obésité chez les 2 groupes d’individus. D’après les observations, les étudiantes sont grandement préoccupées par leur poids corporel. Cette étude soulève la problématique du surpoids et de l’obésité dans une communauté universitaire et son association avec plusieurs comportements reliés au mode de vie et à la santé. Bien que la plupart des facteurs du mode de vie et de santé soient semblables chez les 2 groupes et les 2 genres, certaines différences observées entre les groupes et les genres soulignent l’importance d’élaborer des programmes spécifiques d’intervention en obésité et en promotion de la santé.