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Personne :
Archambault, Philippe

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Archambault

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Philippe

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Université Laval. Département de biologie

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ncf10787990

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Voici les éléments 1 - 5 sur 5
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Green Edge ice camp campaigns : understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom
    (Göttingen Copernicus Publications, 2020-01-27) Massicotte, Philippe; Amiraux, Rémi; Amyot, Marie-Pier; Archambault, Philippe; Aubry, Cyril; Ayotte, Pierre; Bécu, Guislain; Bélanger, Simon; Bruyant, Flavienne; Christiansen-Stowe, Debra; Coupel, Pierre; Dezutter, Thibaud; Dominé, Florent; Dufour, Francis; Dufresne, Christiane; Dumont, Dany; Ferland, Joannie; Forget, Marie-Hélène; Fortier, Louis; Galí, Martí; Galindo, Virginie; Gourdal, Margaux; Grondin, Pierre-Luc; Guillot, Pascal; Guilmette, Caroline; Lacour, Léo; Lagunas, José Luis; Lalande, Catherine; Laliberté, Julien; Lambert Girard, Simon; Larivière, Jade; Lavaud, Johann; LeBaron, Anita; Lemire, Mélanie; Levasseur, Maurice; Marec, Claudie; Massé, Guillaume; Matsuoka, Atsushi; Neukermans, Griet; Oziel, Laurent; Rehm, Eric Carl; Reimer, Erin; Saint-Béat, Blanche; Sansoulet, Julie; Tremblay, Jean-Éric; Verin, Gauthier; Babin, Marcel
    The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797∘ N, 63.7895∘ W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360 m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Oceans and human health : navigating changes on Canada’s coasts
    (Canadian Science Publishing, 2020-12-22) Archambault, Philippe; Batal, Malek; Kenny, Tiff-Annie; Chan, Hing Man; Little, Matthew; Cheun, William; Plante, Steve; Eddy, Tyler D.; Ayotte, Pierre; Ota, Yoshitaka; Pétrin-Desrosiers, Claudel; Poitras, Julien; Polanco, Fernando; Singh, Gerald; Lemire, Mélanie
    Ocean conditions can affect human health in a variety of ways that are often overlooked and unappreciated. Oceans adjacent to Canada are affected by many anthropogenic stressors, with implications for human health and well-being. Climate change further escalates these pressures and can expose coastal populations to unique health hazards and distressing conditions. However, current research efforts, education or training curriculums, and policies in Canada critically lack explicit consideration of these ocean–public health linkages. The objective of this paper is to present multiple disciplinary perspectives from academics and health practitioners to inform the development of future directions for research, capacity development, and policy and practice at the interface of oceans and human health in Canada. We synthesize major ocean and human health linkages in Canada, and identify climate-sensitive drivers of change, drawing attention to unique considerations in Canada. To support effective, sustained, and equitable collaborations at the nexus of oceans and human health, we recommend the need for progress in three critical areas: (i) holistic worldviews and perspectives, (ii) capacity development, and (iii) structural supports. Canada can play a key role in supporting the global community in addressing the health challenges of climate and ocean changes.
  • PublicationAccès libre
    Reliance of deep-sea benthic macrofauna on ice-derived organic matter highlighted by multiple trophic markers during spring in Baffin Bay, Canadian Arctic
    (University of California Press, 2020-12-17) Yunda-Guarin, Gustavo; Archambault, Philippe; Brown, Thomas A.; Saint-Béat, Blanche; Michel, Loïc N.; Amiraux, Rémi; Nozais, Christian
    Benthic organisms depend primarily on seasonal pulses of organic matter from primary producers. In the Arctic, declines in sea ice due to warming climate could lead to changes in this food supply with as yet unknown effects on benthic trophic dynamics. Benthic consumer diets and food web structure were studied in a seasonally ice-covered region of Baffin Bay during spring 2016 at stations ranging in depth from 199 to 2,111 m. We used a novel combination of highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipid biomarkers and stable isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) to better understand the relationship between the availability of carbon sources in spring on the seafloor and their assimilation and transfer within the benthic food web. Organic carbon from sea ice (sympagic carbon [SC]) was an important food source for benthic consumers. The lipid biomarker analyses revealed a high relative contribution of SC in sediments (mean SC% ± standard deviation [SD] = 86% ± 16.0, n = 17) and in benthic consumer tissues (mean SC% ± SD = 78% ± 19.7, n = 159). We also detected an effect of sea-ice concentration on the relative contribution of SC in sediment and in benthic consumers. Cluster analysis separated the study region into three different zones according to the relative proportions of SC assimilated by benthic macrofauna. We observed variation of the benthic food web between zones, with increases in the width of the ecological niche in zones with less sea-ice concentration, indicating greater diversity of carbon sources assimilated by consumers. In zones with greater sea-ice concentration, the higher availability of SC increased the ecological role that primary consumers play in driving a stronger transfer of nutrients to higher trophic levels. Based on our results, SC is an important energy source for Arctic deep-sea benthos in Baffin Bay, such that changes in spring sea-ice phenology could alter benthic food-web structure.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Biodiversity Ecosystem Functioning (BEF) approach to further understanding aquaculture-environment interactions
    (Blackwell Publishing, 2020-02-18) Lacoste, Élise; Archambault, Philippe; McKindsey, Christopher W.
    Coastal benthic ecosystems may be impacted by numerous human activities, including aquaculture, which continues to expand rapidly. Indeed, today aquaculture worldwide provides more biomass for human consumption than do wild fisheries. This rapid development raises questions about the interactions the practice has with the surrounding environment. In order to design strategies of sustainable ecosystem exploitation and marine spatial planning, a better understanding of coastal ecosystem functioning is needed so that tools to quantify impacts of human activities, including aquaculture, may be developed. To achieve this goal, some possible directions proposed are integrated studies leading to new concepts, model development based on these concepts and comparisons of various ecosystems on a global scale. This review draws on existing literature to (i) briefly summarize the major ecological interactions between off-bottom shellfish aquaculture and the environment, (ii) introduce research on the influence of benthic diversity on ecosystem functioning (BEF relationships) and (iii) propose a holistic approach to conduct aquaculture–environment studies using a BEF approach, highlighting the need for integrated studies that could offer insights and perspectives to guide future research efforts and improve the environmental management of aquaculture.
  • PublicationRestreint
    Practical advice on monitoring of U and Pu with marine bivalve mollusks near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plan
    (Macmillan, 2020-01-29) Zuykov, Michael; Archambault, Philippe; Fowler, Scott W.; Spiers, Graeme; Schindler, Michael
    Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in 2011, some marine radionuclide monitoring studies report a lack of evidence for contamination of Japanese coastal waters by U and Pu, or state that marine contamination by them was negligible. Nevertheless, Fukushima-derived U and Pu were reported as associated with Cs-rich microparticles (CsMPs) found in local soil, vegetation, and river/lake sediments. Over time, CsMPs can be transported to the sea via riverine runoff where actinides, as expected, will leach. We recommend establishing a long-term monitoring of U and Pu in the nearshore area of the Fukushima Prefecture using marine bivalve mollusks; shells, byssal threads and soft tissues should all be analyzed. Here, based on results from Th biosorption experiments, we propose that U and Pu could be present at concentrations several times higher in shells with a completely destroyed external shell layer (periostracum) than in shells with intact periostracum.